3.1 Ecosystems- UPDATED

Question 1

Which 2 local factors play a part in the distribution of ecosystems?

Answer 1

Rock and soil type

altitude differences

Question 2

What resources can the biosphere provide to people?

Answer 2

food
medicine
fuel
muilding materials

Question 3

What food comes from the biosphere?

Answer 3

natural vegetation
fruit/berries/nuts
fish and meat

Question 4

What medicine comes from the biosphere?

Answer 4

morphine- found in poppies
aloe plant soothes skin condition
Vitamin C is found in oranges

Question 5

What fuel can the biosphere provide?

Answer 5

animal dung is dried and burned
trees and shrubs can be burned
crops like sugar cane produce bioethanol

Question 6

What building materials can the biosphere provide?

Answer 6

timber
straw
animal dung mixed with clay and straw makes bricks

Question 7

Where is the biosphere being commercially exploited?

Answer 7

increased water demand means theres not enough water for other areas
production of biofuels means there are lower crop yields

Question 8

What are the Uks 4 main ecosystems?

Answer 8

moorlands
heathlands
woodlands
wetlands

Question 9

What are some characteristics of moorlands?

Answer 9

bogs and rough grasland
upland areas
found in scotland and central uk

Question 10

What are some characteristics of woodlands?

Answer 10

found in scotland
lots of trees
rich in plants and wildlife

Question 11

What are some characteristics of heathlands?

Answer 11

located in lower areas of the UK

some sites are marshy and some sites places are dry and sandy

Question 12

What are some characteristics of wetlands?

Answer 12

mainly located in Scotland and East Anglia

waterlogged soils

Question 13

Why are marine Ecosystems important for the uk?

Answer 13

tourism-local economy and employment
Energy- wind energy helps reduce fossil fuels
Fishing- provides employment

Question 14

How can humans damage marine ecosystems?

Answer 14

overfishing can damage the food chain

climate change can alter the food web

Question 15

What are the 3 key nutrient stores?

Answer 15

biomass
litter
soil

Question 16

What is the largest nutrient store?

Answer 16

biomass

Question 17

What are some animal adaptations of the TRF?

Answer 17

lemurs have gripping hands and gripping feet

rainforest species are camouflaged to match their surroundings

Question 18

what are some plant adaptations of the TRF?

Answer 18

drip tip leaves allows water to run off them and prevents them getting too hot and rotting
Butress tree roots only reach the top layer of soil and provide stability
fruit flowers all year round so animals always have enough to eat

Question 19

Why does the TRF have such high levels or biodiversity?

Answer 19

its is the oldest ecosystem so species have been evolving for many years
there is a hot wet climate all year which is perfect for many lifeforms

Question 20

What are 3 good of tropical rain forests?

Answer 20

provide a source of food like nuts
diverse range of plants can provide key ingredients in drugs
provides timber for construction and fuel

Question 21

What are 3 services of tropical rainforests?

Answer 21

acts as a carbon store, taking in 2 billion tones of co2 every year
source of revenue as a popular tourist attraction
home to many tribes

Question 22

How will climate change affect the structure of TRFs?

Answer 22

long periods of drier weather slow down decomposition, reducing the biomass store

Question 23

How will climate change affect cloud functioning of TRFs?

Answer 23

longer periods of dry weather can stop clouds functioning which provides water for the ecosystem

Question 24

How will climate change affect the biodiversity of a TRF?

Answer 24

changes in conditions threaten the survival of species, leading to invasion of non TRF species which are more tolerant to changing conditions.

Question 25

What are the main reasons for TRF deforestation?

Answer 25

road building
mining
oil palm plantations
illegal logging
cattle ranching
rapid population growth

Question 26

How any football pitches of forest are cleared every minute?

Answer 26

36

Question 27

Name a TRF and a fun fact about one?

Answer 27

amazon rainforest

it is home to over 40000 plant species

Question 28

How are government policies helping to manage the amazon rain forest more sustainably?

Answer 28

national forests belong to the state but governments can grant timber companies permission to manage certain areas
biodiversity surveys must be carried out before logging to establish which areas need protection

Question 29

What is reduced impact logging?

Answer 29

selected mature trees are cut down
seed trees are left to help quicker regrowth
12% cheaper than traditional logging
quicker regeneration