Flashcards in 35. Psychological Assessment Deck (36)
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1
what are the 4 common elements of human experience?
cognition, affect/emotion, motivation, behaviors
2
descriptive (DSM) vs dynamic diagnosis?
Descriptive Classification incudes symptoms, epidemiology, is standardized
dynamic assessment includes beliefs, sense of self, functional ability, pattern of coping
3
the goal of psychological assessment?
reducing vulnerability to illness, reducing risk of exacerbation, aid in treatment planning.
4
what kind of system is the biopsychosocial model?
systems hierarchy, places individual within context of multiple levels of organization. comprehensive, integrative
5
what are some of the factors which modify psychological experiences?
biology, stage of life, critical life events, social context
6
what are Freud's basic assumptions?
-the unconscious exists
-the unconscious may be in conflict with the conscious mind
-the unconscious can influence perception, thought, behavior
7
according to Freud how can we access the unconscious?
-dreams
-slips of the tongue
-free-association
8
define ID
totally unconscious.
biologically based drives and motives
9
define EGO
CEO of the personality. both conscious and unconscious. mediates reality, drives, conscience, makes adaptations, organizes impulses from the id.
10
define SUPEREGO
conscience, socially determined values and behaviors. derived from learning and also identification with social groups/family
11
Id, Ego, Superego: which exist in the unconscious mind?
all three
12
Id, Ego, Superego: which exist in the conscious mind?
Ego, Superego. mostly Ego.
13
what are the 7 functions of the Ego?
-regulation/control of drives, affect, impulse
-interpersonal relationships
-sense of self
-capacity for pleasure
-reality testing
-synthetic integration
-defenses
14
what are defenses?
mostly unconscious mechanisms which come into play when the ego experiences tension, disequilibrium. maintains self-esteem, aims to restore psychic equilibrium
15
Changes an unacceptable wish into one that is socially acceptable: what defense?
sublimation
16
involves some degree of conscious decision to postpone or avoid an emotionally troubling issue
suppression
17
addresses an emotional conflict through constructive attention to the needs of others, as opposed to the needs of self
altriusm
18
direct expression of feelings without discomfort or harm to others
humor
19
emotional energy targets the unacceptable thought or feeling and keeps it out of consciousness while allowing the possibility of some symbolic representation to be expressed.
repression
20
transfers the problematic feeling or impulse from its original context to a substitute that carries less intensity.
displacement
21
strips all the feeling away from the thought.
isolation of affect
22
similar to isolation, above. Involves excessive rational thought, divorced from any affect, as a means of addressing an emotionally uncomfortable issue. Also similar to rationalization which tries to make the intolerable tolerable via a plausible explanation
intellectualization
23
deals with an unacceptable thought or feeling by substituting its opposite.
reaction formation
24
anger expressed indirectly through passivity or inaction.
passive aggression
25
a form of passive aggression that involves hostile feelings towards another redirected toward the self.
turning against the self
26
splitting off a portion of experience (may involve consciousness, memory, identity, perception, or some combination of these) that would ordinarily be integrated with other parts of the conscious self.
dissociation
27
direct expression of a feeling or wish via impulsive behavior that usually results in some harm to self or others.
acting out
28
transfer of emotional conflict or painful feelings to somatic symptoms or complaints. Note that this is not malingering.
hypochondriasis/somatization
29
creation of self-contained fantasies as a means of restoring emotional equilibrium
fantasy
30
attributing one’s own unacceptable thought, feeling, or impulse toward another
projection
31
disavowing thoughts, feelings, or impulses which are intolerable – refusing to recognize reality.
denial
32
inability to tolerate ambivalence (mixed feelings). Involves concrete, usually intense “black and white” thinking and emotions (idealization and devaluation) that can shift back and forth with time, depending on the person’s emotional state.
splitting
33
which are considered to be the more mature defenses?
sublimation, suppression, altruism, humor
34
which are the neurotic defenses?
repression, displacement, isolation of affect, reaction formation
35
which are the immature defenses?
dissociation, actin out, fantasy, projection, hypochon, splitting
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