4.3 Population Resource Relationship Flashcards
(13 cards)
Causes of Food Shortages
Niger
Population Growth
- 7 children per woman
- 3.8% growth rate
Poverty
- 45% below poverty lines
- agricultural sector employs 85% of population so during times of food shortages, people have no way out
Climate Change
- Shrinking of lake chad; 90% since 60s - no irrigation
- longer droughts
Negative Impacts of Food Shortages
Niger
Malnutrition
- 45% in children
Dependence on International Food Aid
- dangerous when cannot be supplied
Prostitution
- increased std,sti risk
Positive impacts of food shortages
Schemes to help environment
- Climate smart agricultural support project; Niger
What is green revolution
Innovation in food production to boost the yield of farms; e.g. genetically modified rice in the 60s
Positives of Green Revolution + Example
- Yields; 2-4x greater than traditional
- Shorter growing season
- Employment in new industry
India -60s
- Increased food production; wheat 12-75 million
- Food imports; self sufficiency
- Use of irrigation; yearly farming
Negatives of Green Revolution + Example
- high levels of fertiliser are bad for the environment
- forces low income farmers out - who cannot afford the new technology
- increased rural poverty due to mechanisation
India - 60s
- Regional disparities; Punjab
- Environmental; soil degradation, water pollution
Constraints of Sustaining Population; War
Challenges
Overcoming
Challenges; Syrian civil war
- 50% population has left
Overcoming; south Korea
- Korean War; left South Korea as one of the world’ poorest countries
- Over 1 million died
- overcame with good economic strategy - relations with neighbouring countries & natural resources
Constraints of Sustaining Population; Climatic Hazards
Challenges
Overcoming
Droughts, Flood etc all lead to food shortages - ruin populations
Challenges; Niger
- 45% children malnourished
- droughts in 2021 and 2022
Overcoming; Green Revolution India
- 12 million to 75 million tonnes of wheat
- helped sustain rapidly growing population
Constraints of Sustaining Population; Natural Hazards
Challenges
Overcoming
Challenges; Haiti Earthquake 2010
- killed 200,000 - $8bn in damage
Overcome; Japan, Fukushima
- earthquake resistant buildings
- warning measure etc
Causes & Consequences of Overpopulation in an HIC
London
Causes
High Immigration Rate - 40% of city born outside UK
Attractive Job Market - major financial global capital; 100,000 international students
Impacts
Transport; Northern Lien 130% Jubilee 108% capacity, cuts to TFL budget
Housing; Rents increased by 5% between 2022 and 2023
Causes & Consequences of Overpopulation in an LIC
Niger
Causes
- Fertility Rate; 7 per woman (highest in the world)
- Religion - 90% Muslim
- Agriculture; 85% employed by agricultural industry; economics - children = money
Consequences
- Lack of education; 35% literacy rate
- Healthcare; not enough doctors; 2 doctors per 100,000
- Urban Sprawl; 50% forests lost since 2000
Causes & Consequences of Underpopulation in an HIC
Australia
Causes;
Resources Abundance; 6th largest country on 23 million population
Fertility Rate; 1.58 per woman
Climate; desert is 18% of total area
Impacts;
Immigration; 6 per 1000
Shortage of workers; 85,000 nurses short
inequality; remote area have high unemployment
Causes & Consequences of Underpopulation in an LIC
Mongolia
Causes;
Low Fertility Rates; 2.1 per woman
Geography; extreme climate, mountains desert
Abundance of Resources; 19th largest country
Impacts
Labour Shortages; childcare
High Poverty; 28% below poverty line
Outmigration; 6% population live abroad
