6.2 Urban Trends & Issues of Urbanisation

Question 1

Urban Trend; Urbanisation

Answer 1

The increase in the proportion of people living in urban areas

London
- Early 19th Century (largest population in Europe)
- 1900s population of 6.3 million

Question 2

Urban Trend; Suburbanisation

Answer 2

When people and development sprawl out from the inner city in the surrounding rural areas

London
-1920s to 1930s; Cockfosters and Bromley; due to the underground

Question 3

Urban Trend; Counter Urbanisation

Answer 3

Movement of people from major urban areas to smaller urban settlements due to middle and higher income residents moving out

London
1960s -70s; Crawley & Stevenage

Question 4

Urban Trend; Re-urbanisation

Answer 4

Movement of people back into urban areas - particularly in inner cities

London
- Last 30 years e.g. 1981 dockland regenerated into Canary Wharf

Question 5

Urban Regeneration vs Renewal

Answer 5

The complete clearance of existing buildings & site infrastructure to construct new buildings from scratch - Docklands
Whereas renewal is the adaptation of an exsisting building for a new purpose. - Battersea Power Station

Question 6

Urban Renewal (HIC) Example + Impacts

Answer 6

Battersea Power Station
Positives
- Better Transport; £1bn extension to Northern Line
- New homes; 15,000
- Jobs; 22,000

Negatives
- Segregation; use of ‘poor doors’
- Housing; only 15% affordable housing
- Luxury Homes; 300 new only a 1/3 bought

Question 7

Characteristics of Wold City (London)

Answer 7

(Alpha ++ City w/ NYC)

Advanced Producer Services; Insurance - Lloyd’s of London + Banking - HSBC & Barclays + Accountancy PwC & Deloitte

Financial Headquarters; London Stock Exchange

Centre for Culture & Media; BBC, The FT, Economist

TNC’s Headquarters; 50% of UK’s top 100 listed companies all based in London

Education; LSE, UCL. ICL, KCL - 100,000 international students in London