6.1: Changes in Rural Settlements

Question 1

(LIC) Issue in rural settlements?

Answer 1

Eswatini
- Rural Poverty; 58% of people living in rural areas live below national poverty line
- Disease; 27% of Eswatini’s population have HIV/AIDS (reduces agricultural workers)
- Drought; 2016 & 2020 (in 2020 1/3 population experience food shortages)
- Rural-Urban Migration; 11% -24% 1972-2021

Question 2

(HIC) Causes of rural settlement issues?

Answer 2

Isle of Purbeck (Dorset)
- Population Change; 44,000 in 2000 to 47,000 in 2018 (mostly due to internal migration)

Question 3

(HIC) Issues in rural settlements?

Answer 3

Isle of Purbeck (Dorset)
- Housing; increased by 100% from 1998 to 2003
- Service Decline; 1 out of 4 villages don’t have a general store
- Transport Decline; 2016 transport budget for Isle of Purbeck decreased 1.5mil
- Lack of opportunity; 23% of villages in Dorset have a school

Question 4

(HIC) Solutions to Issues in rural settlements?

Answer 4

Isle of Purbeck Dorset
- Dorset Community Transport; 2RN bus service Tuesdays, Wednesdays, Saturdays
- Affordable Housing Focus; Plan set out in 2009 for 2027 - 780 new affordable homes
- National Lottery Community Fund; Help improve local community through local sports, arts and groups - prevents against fragmentation

Question 5

Urban Renewal

Answer 5

The complete clearance of existing buildings & site infrastructure to construct new buildings from scratch – Docklands

Question 6

Urban Regeneration

Answer 6

Keeps the best elements of existing urban environments and adapts them for new uses - e.g. Battersea Power Station

Question 7

Counter-Urbanisation

Answer 7

The movement from major urban areas to smaller urban settlements

Question 8

Suburbanisation

Answer 8

The outward growth of urban development which may engulf surrounding rural areas

Question 9

Urbanisation

Answer 9

The increase in proportion of people who live in urban areas