Chapter 31 - American Life in the "Roaring Twenties", 1919-1929

Question 1

Billy Sunday

Answer 1

was an American athlete who, after being a popular outfielder in baseball’s National League during the 1880s, became the most celebrated and influential American evangelist during the first two decades of the 20th century

Question 2

Red Scare

Answer 2

A Period of time where the whole nation was afraid of communism and the very idea of communism.

Question 3

A. Mitchell Palmer

Answer 3

He was the Attorney General and accused thousands of people of being communist in order to further his own political agenda.

Question 4

Sacco and Vanzetti

Answer 4

Two men accused of the 1921 murder of a Massachusetts paymaster, Liberals and radicals from all over the world rallied to their defense.

Question 5

Emergency Quota Act

Answer 5

Placed a numerical limit on how many people could enter the United states.

Question 6

Immigration Act

Answer 6

limited the number of people from a specific country who could enter the US to 2% of the total population of that country.

Question 7

Eighteenth Amendment

Answer 7

Made the sale, consumption, and transportation of alcohol illegal.

Question 8

Volstead Act

Answer 8

passed to carry out the eighteenth amendment.

Question 9

Wet and Dry

Answer 9

each side of the prohibition argument

Question 10

Speakeasies

Answer 10

an illicit establishment that sells alcohol.

Question 11

Home Brew

Answer 11

Alcohol that is made in the home instead of in a brewery.

Question 12

Bathtub Gin

Answer 12

any style of homemade spirit made in amatuer conditions

Question 13

Noble Experiment

Answer 13

the term for prohibition laws

Question 14

Al Capone

Answer 14

famous gangster and co founder of the Chicago outfit

Question 15

St. Valentine’s Day Massacre

Answer 15

never officially linked to Capone, a murder of seven men of the Irish Gang.

Question 16

John Dewey

Answer 16

Education reformer. Famous for the ideology of “learn by doing”

Question 17

John T. Scopes

Answer 17

Science teacher from Tennessee at the center of the “Monkey Trial” which pitted science/evolution against religious fundamentalism

Question 18

William Jennings Bryan

Answer 18

Former Populist and Democratic presidential candidate who was the lead prosecutor on the Scopes “Monkey Trial”

Question 19

Clarence Darrow

Answer 19

Nationally known defense attorney for John Scopes.

Question 20

Andrew Mellon

Answer 20

Treasury secretary who favored expansion of capital investment, tax policies, and successfully pushed congress to lower taxes.

Question 21

The Man Nobody Knows

Answer 21

A book written by Bruce Barton which set forth the thesis that Jesus Christ was the greatest adman of all time in an age where advertisements became a pivotal part of the market.

Question 22

Babe Ruth

Answer 22

George E. Ruth; was a baseball player who played for the Yankees.

Question 23

Jack Dempsey

Answer 23

A heavyweight boxer who was one of the first mass-media sports stars

Question 24

Henry Ford

Answer 24

1863-1947. American businessman, founder of Ford Motor Company, father of modern assembly lines, and inventor credited with 161 patents.

Question 25

Frederick W. Taylor

Answer 25

An inventor and engineer who sought to eliminate wasted motion to whom is owed much of the clockwork efficiency of factories.

Question 26

Model T

Answer 26

A cheap, rugged, and popular vehicle that the common man could own. Only came in black.

Question 27

Orville and Wilbur Wright

Answer 27

The inventors behind the first, however feebly engined, plane that stayed aloft for 12 seconds and 120 feet at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina.

Question 28

Charles Lindbergh

Answer 28

First person to fly solo across the Atlantic. Became a national star who lost some fame after voicing some anti-Semitic opinions. He flew several missions into Japan during WWII.

Question 29

The Great Train Robbery

Answer 29

A 1903 American Western film by Edwin S. Porter. Twelve minutes long, it is considered a milestone in filmmaking

Question 30

The Birth of a Nation

Answer 30

A dramatic silent film directed by D.W. Griffith in 1915. Considered highly controversial for its portrayal of African Americans.

Question 31

The Jazz Singer

Answer 31

The first movie with sound directed by Al Jolson about Al Jolson and his life. Made in 1927.

Question 32

Margaret Sanger

Answer 32

Feminist who strongly pushed and supported the birth control movement.

Question 33

Flappers

Answer 33

Young women of the 1920s that behaved and dressed in a radical fashion. i.e. Wearing short hair.

Question 34

Sigmund Freud

Answer 34

Know as the Father of Psychoanalysis, had significant influence on modern adoption theory and practice.

Question 35

Jelly Roll Morton

Answer 35

Known professionally as Jelly Roll Morton, was an American ragtime and early Jazz pianist, bandleader and composer who started his career in New Orleans; Louisiana.

Question 36

Langston Hughes

Answer 36

A leading poet of the Harlem Renaissance who described the rich culture of african American life using rhythms influenced by jazz music. He wrote of African American hope and defiance in poems such as “The Negro Speaks of Rivers” and “My People”

Question 37

Marcus Garvey

Answer 37

A powerful African American leader during the 1920s. Garvey founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association and advocated a mass migration of African Americans back to Africa. Garvey was convicted of fraud in 1923 and deported to Jamaica in 1927. While the movement won a substantial following, the UNIA collapsed without Garvey’s leadership.

Question 38

H. L. Mencken

Answer 38

a patron saint of many young authors; the “Bad Boy of Baltimore”; had an acidic wit; wrote a monthly American Mercury, where he assailed marriage, patriotism, democracy, prohibition, Rotarians, and the middle-class American “booboisie”; contemptuously dismissed the South as “the Sahara of the Bozart” (a bastardization of beaux arts, French for the “fine arts”), and scathingly attacked do-gooders as “Puritans”; called Puritanism “the haunting fear that someone, somewhere, might be happy”

Question 39

F. Scott Fitzgerald

Answer 39

a novelist and chronicler of the jazz age. his wife, Zelda and he were the “couple” of the decade but hit bottom during the depression. his novel THE GREAT GATSBY is considered a masterpiece about a gangster’s pursuit of an unattainable rich girl.

Question 40

Ernest Hemingway

Answer 40

was among the writers most affected by the war (he had seen action on the Italian front in 1917); he responded to pernicious propaganda and the overblown appeal to patriotism by devising his own lean, word-sparing but word-perfect style; in The Sun Also Rises (1926), he told of disillusioned, spiritually numb American expatriates in Europe; in A Farewell to Arms (1929), he crafted one of the finest novels in any language about the war experience; a troubled soul, he finally blew out his brains with a shotgun blast in 1961

Question 41

Sinclair Lewis

Answer 41

first American to win the Nobel Prize for literature, Main Street (1920) was a satire on the dullness and lack of culture in a typical American town

Question 42

William Faulkner

Answer 42

He was a writer. In 1926 he wrote a bitter war novel called “Soldier’s Pay”. He also wrote many other powerful books about the lives of Southerners during the Civil War. Author who wrote Soldier’s Pay, The Sound and the Fury, and As I Lay Dying, used a new, choppy “stream of consciousness” form of writing

Question 43

Ezra Pound

Answer 43

An American expatriate poet, musician and critic who was a major figure in the Modernist movement in poetry

Question 44

T. S. Eliot

Answer 44

an Anglo-American poet, playwright, and literary critic of the modernist movement; famous for The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock.

Question 45

e.e. cummings

Answer 45

(1894-1962) American poet, painter, essayist, playwright. Unorthodox usage of both capitalization and punctuation. Love and nature, satire and the relationship of the individual to the masses and to the world. Many of his poems make little sense until read aloud. He invented odd compound words such as “mud-lucious” and “puddle-wonderful”.

Question 46

Eugene O’Neill

Answer 46

Supported by the National Organization for Women, this amendment would prevent all gender-based discrimination practices. However, it never passed the ratification process.

Question 47

Louis Armstrong

Answer 47

Jazz musician known for his virtuosic skills on the cornet and trumpet. Armstrong popularized the scat style of singing and remains one of jazz’s most important and influential musicians. He was a member of King Oliver’s band in the 1920s, and he formed several bands of his own, namely the Hot Fives and Sevens.

Question 48

Frank Lloyd Wright

Answer 48

Considered America’s greatest architect. Pioneered the concept that a building should blend into and harmonize with its surroundings rather than following classical designs.

Question 49

Buying on Margin

Answer 49

Allows customers to increase their trading capital by borrowing from banks. Can purchase more securities with a lower initial cash outlay. Leverage the investment by borrowing a portion of the purchase price