Chapter 39 - The Stalemated Seventies, 1968-1980

Question 1

Productivity

Answer 1

Slumped after the economic boom 25 years after WWI

Question 2

Inflation

Answer 2

Fed by rising oil prices and Great Society/Vietnam funding w/o tax increases

Question 3

Liberal Establishment

Answer 3

Nixon thought they hid him from the public in the 50s

Question 4

Vietnamization

Answer 4

Withdrawing 540k troops from South Vietnam, while training Vietnamese to fight

Question 5

Silent Majority

Answer 5

Supposed majority who supported the war, appealed to by Nixon

Question 6

Nattering Nabobs of Negativism

Answer 6

Unleashed upon by VP Agnew, demanded withdrawal from Vietnam

Question 7

My Lai

Answer 7

Deepened disgust w/ war, a village full of innocents was massacred by American troops

Question 8

Cambodia

Answer 8

Nixon ordered troops to help SV to clear out troops in NV and VC major base

Question 9

Kent State University

Answer 9

Where Natl Gaurd fired into crowd protesting Cambodian invasion

Question 10

Twenty-sixth Amendment

Answer 10

Lowered voting age to 18, pleased youth

Question 11

Pentagon Papers

Answer 11

Leaked to NYT, Pentagon study over failures of Kennedy/Johnson

Question 12

Daniel Ellsberg

Answer 12

released the Pentagon Papers

Question 13

Henry Kissinger

Answer 13

Natl Security Adviser; met with Nixon in Paris to negotiate end of war, prepared path to Beijing, Moscow

Question 14

Détente

Answer 14

Period of relaxed tension between RU/CH

Question 15

ABM Treaty

Answer 15

Limited US and USSR to two clusters of defensive missiles

Question 16

SALT Treaty

Answer 16

Strategic Arms Limitation Talks, aimed to freeze # of long-range missiles

Question 17

MIRVs

Answer 17

Multiple independently targeted reentry vehicles, many weapons on one vehicle

Question 18

Judicial Activism -

Answer 18

Series of decisions drastically and directly affecting the individual

Question 19

Miranda

Answer 19

Ensured right to remain silent and other protections when accused

Question 20

Engel v. Vitale

Answer 20

Prohibited required prayers, bible reading in schools

Question 21

Warren Berger

Answer 21

Succeeded Earl Warren in 1969

Question 22

Roe v. Wade

Answer 22

Legalized abortion

Question 23

Aid to Families with Dependent Children -

Answer 23

Welfare program approved by Nixon

Question 24

Reverse Discrimination

Answer 24

Belief held by criticizers of new opportunities for minorities/women

Question 25

Environmental Protection Agency

Answer 25

Wanted to make sure environment was not being polluted

Question 26

Occupational Health and Safety Administration

Answer 26

Made factories have stricter office rules/restrictions for safety

Question 27

Silent Spring

Answer 27

Rachel Carson; exposed poisonous effects of pesticides

Question 28

Clean Air Act

Answer 28

Led EPA and OSHA to the front of the battle for ecological safety; reduced automobile emissions and cleaned up toxic waste

Question 29

Endangered Species Act

Answer 29

Led EPA and OSHA to the front of the battle for ecological safety; protected endangered animals

Question 30

Southern Strategy

Answer 30

NIxon’s election strategy based around appealing to the racist elements of the South that were turned off by the Civil Rights Act passed by LBJ, a Democrat.

Question 31

George McGovern

Answer 31

Demo Nom. in 1972; got antiwar/minority support, but alienated traditional working class

Question 32

War Powers Act

Answer 32

Passed over Nixon veto; required President to report to Congress within 48 hours of committing troops to foreign conflict

Question 33

OPEC

Answer 33

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries; in Middle East

Question 34

Watergate

Answer 34

June 17, 1972, five men arrested when caught planting ‘bugs’ in Demo. HQ

Question 35

CREEP

Answer 35

Republican Committee for Re-election of the President, major player in Watergate

Question 36

Enemies List

Answer 36

Harassed by IRS under Nixon; all innocent

Question 37

Plumbers

Answer 37

Name given to the special investigations committee established along with CREEP in 1971. Its job was to stop the leaking of confidential information to the public and press.

Question 38

John Dean -

Answer 38

served s white house council under Nixon and was deeply involved in the watergate scandal.

Question 39

Executive Privilege

Answer 39

the privilege, claimed by the president for the executive branch of the US government, of withholding information in the public interest.

Question 40

Gerald Ford

Answer 40

Vice president to Nixon after Spiro Agnew had to resign due to corruption

Question 41

Saturday Night Massacre

Answer 41

The Saturday Night Massacre was the term used by political commentators to refer to U.S. President Richard Nixon’s dismissal of independent special prosecutor Archibald Cox

Question 42

Title IX

Answer 42

Title IX of the Education Amendments Act of 1972 is a federal law that states: “No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance.”

Question 43

ERA

Answer 43

The Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) is a proposed amendment to the United States Constitution designed to guarantee equal rights for all citizens regardless of gender; it seeks to end the legal distinctions between men and women in terms of divorce, property, employment, and other matters.

Question 44

Desegregation

Answer 44

the ending of a policy of racial segregation

Question 45

white flight

Answer 45

White people moving from cities to Suburbs

Question 46

affirmative action

Answer 46

an action or policy favoring those who tend to suffer from discrimination, especially in relation to employment or education; positive discrimination.

Question 47

United States v. Wheeler

Answer 47

United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held the Double Jeopardy Clause does not bar the federal prosecution of a Native American (Indian) who has already been prosecuted by the tribe.

Question 48

Jimmy Carter

Answer 48

39th president of the United States

Question 49

Anwar Sadat

Answer 49

third President of Egypt, serving from 15 October 1970 until his assassination by fundamentalist army officers on 6 October 1981.

Question 50

Menachem Begin

Answer 50

Israeli politician, founder of Likud and the sixth Prime Minister of Israel

Question 51

Camp David Accords

Answer 51

signed by Egyptian President Anwar El Sadat and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin on 17 September 1978, following twelve days of secret negotiations at Camp David

Question 52

Shah of Iran

Answer 52

Mohammad Rezā Pahlavi‎ was the Shah of Iran from 16 September 1941 until his overthrow by the Iranian Revolution on 11 February 1979

Question 53

Leonid Brezhnev

Answer 53

Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev was the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, presiding over the country from 1964 until his death in 1982

Question 54

SALT II

Answer 54

The first agreements, known as SALT I and SALT II, were signed by the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics in 1972 and 1979, respectively, and were intended to restrain the arms race in strategic (long-range or intercontinental) ballistic missiles armed with nuclear weapons.

Question 55

Ayatollah Khomeini

Answer 55

Iranian Shia Muslim religious leader, philosopher, revolutionary and politician

Question 56

Afghanistan

Answer 56

Soviet troops invaded Afghanistan; this action ended a decade of improving US-Soviet relations

Question 57

Hostage Crisis

Answer 57

The Iran hostage crisis was a diplomatic standoff between Iran and the United States. Fifty-two American diplomats and citizens were held hostage for 444 days from November 4, 1979, to January 20, 1981