Chapter 41 - America Confronts the Post-Cold War, 1992-2004

Question 1

William Jefferson Clinton

Answer 1

first democratic president since Jimmy Carter and a self-proclaimed activist. He had a very domestic agenda. When in office he had a lot of controversial appointments. Was impeached by Congress for lying under oath about his affair with Monica Lewinsky.

Question 2

H. Ross Perot

Answer 2

The third party candidate in the 1992 election; he got 19% of the vote; the most for any independent since Teddy Roosevelt in 1912

Question 3

Carol Moseley-Braun

Answer 3

first African-American U.S. Senator for the Democratic Party, the first woman to defeat an incumbent U.S. Senator in an election, and the first female Senator from Illinois

Question 4

Janet Reno

Answer 4

Attorney General of the United States from 1993 until 2001. She was nominated by President Bill Clinton on February 11, 1993, and confirmed on March 11, 1993.

Question 5

“Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell

Answer 5

the policy in the US military for homosexuals who served. No one would ask your sexuality but if you were outwardly homosexual and engaging in homosexual activities you would be discharged.

Question 6

Hillary Rodham Clinton

Answer 6

First Lady, prominent child care advocate and health care reformer in Clinton administration; won U.S. senate seat in 2000.

Question 7

Brady Bill

Answer 7

gun-control law named for presidential aide James Brady who had been wounded and disabled by gunfire in the assassination attempt on Reagan in 1981.

Question 8

Oklahoma City bombing

Answer 8

truck bombing that destroyed the Oklahoma city federal building led to the arrest and conviction of Timothy, an anti-government extremist.

Question 9

Branch Davidians

Answer 9

Cult in Waco Texas that was suspected of weapons violations. Was attacked by the ATF/FBI which led to a 51 day seige. Ended with an assault on the compound that killed 76.

Question 10

Columbine High School shooting

Answer 10

a school shooting that occurred on April 20, 1999, at Columbine High School in Columbine that caused many debates about gun regulations in the United States

Question 11

NRA

Answer 11

The National Rifle Association of America is an American nonprofit organization which advocates for gun rights

Question 12

WTO

Answer 12

International trade organization that prompted strong protests from anti-global trade forces in Seattle, Washington in 1999.

Question 13

“Globalization”

Answer 13

A process by which regional societies, economies, and cultures have become joined together through an international system of trade, transportation, and communication.

Question 14

Campaign Finance Reform

Answer 14

Legislation aimed at placing limits on political candidates accepting money and gifts from individuals and special interest groups.

Question 15

Somalia

Answer 15

Clinton inherited this venture from Bush who sent 25K Americans on a humanitarian mission here. Clinton sent troops aimed at nation building, but Congress demanded US withdrawal when 18 American soldiers died in a failed attempt to capture a local warlord and an naked American corpse was dragged through the streets of the capital.

Question 16

Haiti

Answer 16

In order to stop Haitians from entering Florida Clinton worked to persuade the military rulers to abdicate in favor of Jean-Bertrand Aristide, a man they overthrew in ‘91. Clinton prepared to use military force after a year of trade sanctions and diplomatic pressure, but a 3 member peace mission compromise at the last minute to allow American troops to land unopposed. Aristide returned but unable to restore prosperity.

Question 17

Kyoto Treaty

Answer 17

a treaty signed in 1997. It requires countries who sign it to reduce thieir gas emissions to levels below what they were producing in 1990

Question 18

Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR)

Answer 18

a national wildlife refuge in northeastern Alaska, United States.

Question 19

9/11

Answer 19

a series of coordinated suicide attacks by al-Qaeda upon the United States on September 11, 2001. On that morning, 19 al-Qaeda terrorists hijacked four commercial passenger jet airliners. The hijackers intentionally crashed two of the airliners into the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center in New York City, killing everyone on board and many others working in the buildings.

Question 20

Osama bin Laden

Answer 20

Arab terrorist who established al-Qaeda (born in 1957)

Question 21

Al Qaeda

Answer 21

Islamist terrorist organization that launched a series of attacks against U.S.

Question 22

East Africa & Yemen

Answer 22

Regions of Eastern Africa and The Middle East that were victims of bin Laden’s attacks on American embassies and Navy vessels

Question 23

Afghanistan

Answer 23

• a mountainous landlocked country in central Asia that harbored Al Qaeda training camps.

Question 24

The Taliban

Answer 24

Former government of Afghanistan that was overthrown by the United States

Question 25

Saddam Hussein

Answer 25

Iraqi leader who waged war against Iran

Question 26

USA Patriot Act

Answer 26

law passed due to 9/11 attacks; sought to prevent further terrorist attacks by allowing greater government access to electronic communications and other information; criticized by some as violating civil liberties

Question 27

Dept. of Homeland Security

Answer 27

protects the nation against terrorist attacks

Question 28

Habeas Corpus

Answer 28

person under arrest to be brought before a judge or into court, especially to secure the person’s release unless lawful grounds are shown for their detention.

Question 29

Guantanamo

Answer 29

Site of a U.S. naval station in Cuba, used to hold suspected terrorists

Question 30

“Axis of Evil”

Answer 30

Created in 2002 by George W. Bush to show the “bad guys” which include: Iran, Iraq, and N. Korea

Question 31

WMDs

Answer 31

a weapon that kills or injures civilian as well as military personnel (nuclear and chemical and biological weapons)

Question 32

Colin Powell

Answer 32

United States general who was the first Black to serve as Chief of Staff

Question 33

U.N. Weapons Inspectors

Answer 33

Located and destroyed large quantities of Iraqi WMD and related equipment and materials throughout the early 1990s, with varying degrees of Iraqi cooperation and obstruction

Question 34

“Mission Accomplished”

Answer 34

the banner behind bush as he made a speech on the conclusion of the military operations of Iraq.

Question 35

Abu Ghraib

Answer 35

prison where prisoners were tortured by Americans

Question 36

Enron and WorldCom

Answer 36

Two notable accounting scandals that both resulted in company breakdown and bankruptcy

Question 37

Gay Marriage

Answer 37

25% favor gay marriage/ 50% favor gay UNIONS/ less than 50% wants to ban gay marriage

Question 38

Recall

Answer 38

the act of removing an official by petition

Question 39

Gratz/Grutter v. Bollinger

Answer 39

it filed because two well-qualified white undergrads applied for the University of Michigan Law School, and were turned down - because they did not ‘increase diversity.’ Ruled that there could be no ‘points’ for being a certain race, but reviewing each student individually and over different diversity factors was okay.

Question 40

No Child Left Behind

Answer 40

Holds states, schools, and school districts more accountable for their standardized tests scores. The wanted outcome was better tests scores all around and overall a smarter and better population of young people that would positively contribute to a growing America.

Question 41

John F. Kerry

Answer 41

Was the presidential nominee of the Democratic Party in the 2004 presidential election, but lost by 34 electoral votes to incumbent President George W. Bush

Question 42

“Flip-flopper”

Answer 42

when a candidate moves toward the middle and back to a certain side of the political spectrum

Question 43

“Bible Belt”

Answer 43

southern United States