sterilisation and disinfection Flashcards
Cleaning:
Removal of all foreign material from an object. (soil, organic material), water with detergents or enzymatic products (visible debris)
Antisepsis
Prevention of infection by inhibiting or arresting the growth and multiplication of germs. (lecture killing of possible organisms within a certain limit, i.e. not all but most) (i.e. practice an antiseptic practice in taking blood)
disinfection
A process which removes or kills most, but not all, viable (microorganisms (exception of bacterial endospores and fungal spores)
Pasteurisation:
A form of heat disinfection that eliminates pathogens and reduces the total number of viable organisms (form of disinfection)
Sterilisation:
The process of killing or removing all (micro)organisms (higher standard)
what has high resistance to sterilisation
clostridium bacillus
what has low resistance to sterilisation
influenza
what are the calssifcaiton of equiptment
- Critical: introduced directly into bloodstream or other sterile site sterilisation
- Semicritical: comes into contact with intact mucous membranes high level of chemical disinfection (vaginal speculae)
- Noncritical: comes into contact with the skin cleaning or low level disinfection
name some antiseptics
ethanol, iodine and chlorhexidine (disinfection of the skin)
what are the 2 methods of sterilisation
physical and chemical
name 4 physical emthods of sterilisation
Dry heat, moist heat, radiation, filtration
what are the 4 qualities fo autoclaves
steam quality, high pressure, temperature and time
what indicators can we use for autoclaves
- Autoclave tape Shows that the tape has been exposed to heat.
Biological indicators Contain spores of a heat-resistant bacterium - Bacillus stearothermophilus. If the autoclave reaches the right temperature, the spores with germinate and will change colour of the pH-sensitive chemicals. This is the mainstay for the testing.
