5.3 -- phyla (bioninja summary)

Question 1

bryophyta

Answer 1

eg moss
- no vascularisation (lacks p/x)
- repro via spores
- no ‘true’ leaves, roots, stems

Question 2

coniferophyta

Answer 2

eg conifers
- vascularisation
- repro via seeds (in cones)
- narrow leaves, thick waxy cuticle

Question 3

filicinophyta

Answer 3

eg ferns
- vascularisation
- repro via spores (in sporangia)
- large fronds divided into leaflets

Question 4

angiospermophyta

Answer 4

• vascularisation
• repro via seeds (fruits)
• flowers as repro organ

Question 5

plant phyla 4

Answer 5

• bryophyta
• coniferophyta
• filicinophyta
• angiosperophyta

Question 6

invertabrae phyla

Answer 6

• porifera
• cnidaria
• platyhelmintha
• annelida
• mollusca
• anthropoda

Question 7

porifera

Answer 7

eg sponges
* Have an asymmetrical body plan
* Have no mouth or anus (have pores)
* May have spicules for structural support

Question 8

Cnidaria

Answer 8

(e.g. jellyfish and anemones)
* Possess radial symmetry
* Have a mouth but no anus (single opening)
* Has tentacles and stinging cells (cnidocytes)

Question 9

Platyhelmintha

Answer 9

(e.g. flatworms, tapeworms)
* Possess bilateral symmetry
* Have a mouth but no anus (single opening)
* Has a flattened body (increases SA:Vol ratio)

Question 10

Annelida

Answer 10

(e.g. earthworms and leeches)
* Possess bilateral symmetry
* Have a separate mouth and anus
* Body composed of ringed segments

Question 11

Mollusca

Answer 11

(e.g. squids, slugs, snails, bivalves)
* Possess bilateral symmetry
* Have a separate mouth and anus
* Has non-visible segments (may have a shell)

Question 12

Platyhelmintha

Answer 12

(e.g. flatworms, tapeworms)
* Possess bilateral symmetry
* Have a mouth but no anus (single opening)
* Has a flattened body (increases SA:Vol ratio)

Question 13

Arthropoda

Answer 13

(e.g. insects, spiders, crustaceans)
* Possess bilateral symmetry
* Have a separate mouth and anus
* Have jointed appendages and exoskeleton

Question 14

vertebrate classes

Answer 14

• phylum chordata
• fish
• amphibians
• reptiles
• birds
• mammals

Question 15

Phylum Chordata

Answer 15

(i.e. vertebrates)
* Possess bilateral symmetry
* Have a separate mouth and anus
* Have a notochord (may form a backbone)

Question 16

fish

Answer 16

• Covered in scales (bony plates of skin)
• Reproduce via external fertilisation
• Breathe through gills and are ectothermic

Question 17

Amphibians

Answer 17

Have a moist skin (permeable to gases)
* Reproduce via external fertilisation
* Breathe through skin and are ectothermic

Question 18

reptiles

Answer 18

• Covered in scales (made of keratin)
• Have internal fertilisation (lays soft eggs)
• Breathe via lungs and are ectothermic

Question 19

birds

Answer 19

• Covered in feathers (made of keratin)
• Have internal fertilisation (lays hard eggs)
• Breathe via lungs and are endothermic

Question 20

mammals

Answer 20

• Covered in skin (and keratin hair follicles)
• Have internal fertilisation (and lactation)
• Breathe via lungs and are endothermic