Hormones

Question 1

Testosterone

Answer 1

differentiation of internal male genitalia - except prostate

Promote growth

• development of penis
• secondary sex characteristics
• sperm production
• muscle/RBC development

Deepening of voice
Libido (females too)

Used for tx of hypogonadism

• -> masculinization of females
• -> premature closure of epiphyseal plates

Negative feedback : inhibits LH release

Exogenous –> testicular atrophy, decreased sperm production/maturation

Question 2

Dihydrotestosterone

Answer 2

T –5 alpha reductase –> DHT

Develop penis, scrotum, prostate
works on urogenital sinus

Later:
prostate growth –> BPH
male pattern baldness
sebaceous gland activity

Question 3

Estrogen

Answer 3

growth of female reproductive organs - ovaries, uterus, tubes vagina

development of breasts - ductal system

proliferation of endometrium

inhibits osteoclasts in bone (why risk of osteoporosis increases after menopause)

Increases HDL, lowers LDL

Question 4

Progesterone

Answer 4

“pro gestational”

Inhibits endometrial proliferation
promotes endometrial secretory changes
prepares breast milk production
thickens cervical mucus
inhibits uterine contractions
relaxes sm.m.

Question 5

Estradiol

Answer 5

most potent form of estrogen

produced in ovaries

Question 6

Estrone

Answer 6

produced by aromatase in adipose tissue

Question 7

Estriol

Answer 7

weakest form of estrogen

produced by placenta