Nonstaining Bacteria Flashcards
Gardnerella vaginalis
bacterial vaginosis
lactobacillus decrease –> increased gram - rods
Gray vaginal discharge w/ fishy smell
pH >4.5
clue cell - vaginal cell covered w/ coccobacilli
Risk: new or multiple sex partners
Tx: 7 days metronidazole PO or metronidazole cream
Chlamydia trachomatis
–> reactive arthritis
Type A-C:
trachoma - eye infection
–> crhonic scarring, corneal damage –> blindness
Type D-K:
Urethritis, cervicitis, PID –> infertility, ectopic pregnancy
subclinical infection
Tx: azithromycin 1 time dose
Neonatal conjunctivitis and pneumonia
-oral arithromycin or erytromycin
Type L1-L3: Lymphogranuloma venereum -genital ulcer -u/l LAD - bubos like "groove sign" -proctitis
Rickettsiae spp.
don’t gram stain well
Giemsa stain
Rickettsial triad: HA, fever, rash
tx: doxycycline
Rickettsia rickettsii
Rocky mtn spotted fever
sx: rash on palms and soles then spreads to center
Rickettsial triad: HA, fever, rash
tx: doxycycline
Rickettsia prowazekii
epidemic typhus
head and body lice
rash starts centrally and spreads
Rickettsial triad: HA, fever, rash
tx: doxycycline
Rickettsia typhi
endemic “murine” typhus
flease
central rash –> periphery
Rickettsial triad: HA, fever, rash
tx: doxycycline
Ehrlichia chaffeensis vs Anaplasma phagocytophilum
EC:
human monocytic ehrlichiosis (HME)
Lone star tick
AP:
human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA)
Ixodes scapularis (coinfection w/ Lyme dz common)
both:
febrile sn
HA, nonspecific sx
dx: morulae inclusion w/in monocyte or granulocyte
tx: doxycycline
Coxiella burnetii
Q fever
sporulation like process - protects
-survive external environment
Farm animals
aerosols - urine and feces - downwind of farm too
animal placenta
unpasturized milk
acute flu like illness w/ pneumonia
–> chronic illness w/ endocarditis
Chlamydophila psittaci
avian reservoir - parrot
psittacosis - pneumonia sn
Chlamydophila pneumoniae
atypical penumonia
prolonged mild “walking pneumonia”
tx: doxycycline
