Other cancer drugs Flashcards
Plantinum drugs
Cisplatin
Carboplatin
Oxaliplatin
Cross link DNA
GU uses: testicular, ovarian, bladder CA
Nephrotoxic
Ototoxic – acoustic nerve damage
Topoisomerase II inhibitors
Etopiside, teniposide
Inhibit topoisomerase II (undoes supercoils upstream as unwind DNA)
-> unable to replicate DNA
Small cell lung cancer
Prostate cancer
Testicular cancer
Topoisomerase I inhibitors
Irinotecan
Topotecan
Inhibit topoisomerase I
Irinotecan: metastatic colon CA
Topotecan:
Small cell lung cancer
Ovarian cancer
Cervical cancer
Nephrotoxic and ototoxic drugs – general
Vancomycin
Aminoglycosides
Loop diuretics
Cisplatin and carboplatin
Microtubule interference drugs
Vincristine Vinblastine Paclitaxel Mebendazole Albendazole Griseofulvin Colchicine
Vincristine
M phase
Blocks polymerization of microtubules
Hodgkin lymphoma
Wilms tumor
Ewing sarcoma
Choriocarcinoma
SE:
Neurotoxicity
Peripheral neuritis
Vinblastine
Blocks microtubule polymerization – prevents mitosis
Hodgkin lymphoma
Wilms tumor
Ewing sarcoma
Choriocarcinoma
Causes myelosuppression – “blasts bone marrow”
Paclitaxel
“taxes are used to stabilize”
hyperstabilize microtubules
-can’t break down, interrupts mitosis
ovarian cancer
breast cancer
SE:
Myelosuppression
HSR
Hydroxyurea
Inhibits ribonucleotide reductase
-> inhibit DNA synthesis
Prednisone
And other glucocorticoids
Trigger apoptosis in lymphoid cells
CLL
Hodgkin lymphoma
-> cushing symptoms “BAM CUSHINGOID”
Tamoxifen
SERM
ER antagonist – breast
ER agonist – bone
ER partial agonist – endometrium
ER+ breast cancers – main use
Prevention w/ BRCA mutation
Increased risk endometrial carcinoma
- no CA -> over stimulate ER in uterus
- CA -> stimulates ER less than native estrogens
- Tx endometrial cancer
Raloxifene
Tx osteoporosis
ER antagonist – breast, endometrium
ER agonist – bone
Trastuzumab
Monoclonal Ab against HER-2
Tx breast CA overexpressing HER2
SE: cardiotoxic
Rituximab
“Ri-TWO-X-mab”
Ab against CD 20
B cell tumors – lymphoma, leukemias RA Vasculitis Pemphigus vulgaris ITP
Bevacizumab
Ab to VEGF
-cancer not able to grow new vessels -> cancer death
Metastatic colon cancer, cervical cancer, RCC
Certain types of lung cancer
SE:
Impaired wound healing
Severe hemorrhage: hemoptysis, epitaxis, GI bleeding
