8 ASTROPHYSICS

Question 1

Unit for mass

Answer 1

Kilogram (kg)

Question 2

Unit for distance

Answer 2

Metre (m)

Question 3

Unit for speed

Answer 3

Metre/second (m/s)

Question 4

Unit for acceleration

Answer 4

Metre/second [squared] (m/s[squared])

Question 5

Unit for force

Answer 5

Newton (N)

Question 6

Unit for time

Answer 6

Second (s)

Question 7

Unit for gravitational field strength

Answer 7

Newton/kilogram (N/kg)

Question 8

Define a universe

Answer 8

A large collection of billions of galaxies

Question 9

Define a galaxy

Answer 9

A large collection of billions of stars

Question 10

What galaxy is our solar system in

Answer 10

The Milky Way

Question 11

In terms of g, what happens when the mass of a plant increases

Answer 11

g increases

Question 12

What do artificial comets orbit

Answer 12

Earth

Question 13

What do comets orbit

Answer 13

Sun

Question 14

What does moons orbit

Answer 14

Planets

Question 15

What do planets orbit

Answer 15

Stars

Question 16

Shape of planet, artificial comet and moon orbit

Answer 16

Circular

Question 17

Shape of comet orbit

Answer 17

Highly eliptical

Question 18

Orbital speed word equation

Answer 18

Orbital speed = 2 x pi x orbital radius / time period

Question 19

Orbital speed symbol equation

Answer 19

V = 2 pi r / T

Question 20

First stage of all stars

Answer 20

• Nebula
• Star formed when nucleur fusion occurs

Question 21

Second stage of all stars

Answer 21

• Main sequence star
• Stable

Question 22

1st stage of massive star

Answer 22

Becomes a red supergiant

Question 23

2nd stage of massive star

Answer 23

Explodes due to high energy causing a supernova

Question 24

1st stage of regular star

Answer 24

Red giant

Question 25

2nd stage of regular star

Answer 25

Star sheds outer layers becoming white dwarf

Question 26

Where are red giants on an HR diagram

Answer 26

Top right

Question 27

Where are red giants on a HR diagram

Answer 27

Top right

Question 28

Where are white dwarfs on a HR diagram

Answer 28

Bottom left

Question 29

Where is the main sequence stars on a HR diagram

Answer 29

Top left to bottom right, with flat area in middle

Question 30

What is on the vertical axis of a HR diagram

Answer 30

Luminocity

Question 31

What is on the horizontal axis of an HR diagram

Answer 31

Temperature (from hot to cold)

Question 32

What colour are hot stars

Answer 32

Blue / White

Question 33

What colour are cold stars

Answer 33

Yellow

Question 34

Define absoloute magnitude

Answer 34

The measure of a star's luminocity, at a standard distance

Question 35

How does red shift OF GALAXIES provide evidence for the big bang theory

Answer 35

* Further from earth = greater red shift * Larger redshift means faster movement of galaxies * Further away = faster movement * Moving apart implies universe was together at some point

Question 36

How does CMB radiation provide evidence for the big bang theory

Answer 36

* CMBR is same in all directions * Implies universe was together long time ago * Wavelength increased as universe expanded * Universe was hotter long ago

Question 37

Cosmology wavelength word equation

Answer 37

Change in wavelength / Referance Wavelength = Velocity of galaxy / Speed of light