7 major types of enzyme

Question 1

Oxidoreductases

Answer 1

Oxidation/reduction reactions

CH3CH2OH → CH3CHO + “2H” alcohol dehydrogenase

Question 2

Transferases

Answer 2

Transfer of functional groups
Glucose + ATP → Glucose-6-phosphate + ADP
hexokinase

Question 3

Hydrolases

Answer 3

Hydrolysis reactions (bond breaking)
R1-lysine-R2-R3 → R1-lysine + R2-R3 trypsin

Question 4

Lyases

Answer 4

Addition of double bonds
O-
|+ O=C=O + H2O → HO-C=O + H
carbonic anhydrase

Question 5

Isomerases

Answer 5

Isomerisation reactions
L-alanine → D-alanine
L-alanine isomerase

Question 6

Ligases

Answer 6

Formation of bonds with ATP cleavage

Glutamic acid + NH3 + ATP → Glutamine + ADP + Pi glutamine synthase

Question 7

Translocases

Answer 7

Catalyse the movement of ions across membranes

ATP + H2O + 4 H+[side 1] → ADP + phosphate + 4 H+[side 2] P-type H+-exporting transporter