Intro to Health Promotion

Question 1

Define health promotion

Answer 1

the process of enabling people to increase control over, and improve, their health

Question 2

Name me the factors on the 5 tier health impact pyramid I order of increasing individual effort needed

Answer 2

• socioeconomic factors
• changing the content to make individuals default decisions healthy
• long lasting protective interventions
• clinical interventions
• counselling and education

Question 3

top-down (authoritative)

Answer 3

priorities set by those with power/resources to make decisions and impose ideas of what should be done

Question 4

bottom-up (negotiated)

Answer 4

priorities set by the people themselves, identifying issues that they perceive as relevant

Question 5

What are the 5 approaches to health promotion

Answer 5

• medical/preventive approach
• behaviour change approach
• educational approach
• empowerment approach
• social change approach

Question 6

medical/preventative approach

Answer 6

reducing morbidity or mortality by targeting risk groups or risk behaviours with medical intervention
e.g. immunisation, screening
focus is absence of disease, don’t promote positive health

Question 7

behaviour change approach

Answer 7

to increase individuals knowledge about causes of health and illness. provision of info on health risks and hazards. Persuade individuals to make a change.
e.g. campaigns
top-down (policy maker priorities) doesn’t take into account social determinants

Question 8

educational approach

Answer 8

to provide knowledge and information and develop necessary skills so people can make an informed choice about their health behaviour
e.g. leaflets
doesn’t mean the behaviour will change

Question 9

empowerment approach

Answer 9

increase control over ones physical, social and internal environments. helps identify peoples own concerns and gain confidence to act upon them
e.g. client centred counselling, participatory learning
assumes that rational choices are healthy choices

Question 10

social change approach

Answer 10

modify social, economic and physical structures which generate ill health. Change society not the individual.
e.g. changes to policy and legislation
healthcare professionals have limited roles in developing policy