Immunology - Dermatology

Question 1

name three important structural proteins found in the keratin layer and epidermis of the skin

Answer 1

filaggrin
involucrin
keratin

Question 2

what is the alternative name for the keratin layer of the skin?

Answer 2

stratum corneum

Question 3

true or false: keratinocytes produce antimicrobial peptides that can directly kill pathogens

Answer 3

true

act like antibiotics

Question 4

can keratinocytes produce cytokines and chemokines?

Answer 4

yes

Question 5

where are langerhans cells located in the epidermis?

Answer 5

prickle cell layer

Question 6

true or false: langerhans cells are the main skin immune cell

Answer 6

true

Question 7

how do langerhans cells aid the immune response?

Answer 7

produce liquid antigens and present them to T cells

Question 8

what characterises langerhans cells?

Answer 8

birbeck granules

Question 9

true or false: healthy skin contains a large number of T cells, with the epidermis mainly containing CD4-T cells

Answer 9

false

the epidermis mainly contains CD8 cells

Question 10

what lymphocyte is associated with psoriasis/

Answer 10

CD4 Th1 cells

Question 11

what lymphocyte is associated with atopic dermatitis?

Answer 11

CD4 Th2 cells

Question 12

what is the function of Th 1 cells?

Answer 12

activate macrophages to destroy microorganisms

Question 13

what is the function of Th2 cells?

Answer 13

help B cells make antibodies

Question 14

what is the function of dermal dendritic cells?

Answer 14

antigen presentation

cytokine and chemokine secretion

Question 15

what is the function of plasmacytoid dendritic cells?

Answer 15

produce IFN-alpha

Question 16

true or false: psoriasis is triggered by environmental factors in genetically susceptible individuals

Answer 16

true

Question 17

true or false: psoriatic lesions can be restored to normal following effective therapy, even though there is chronic inflammation

Answer 17

true

Question 18

true or false: it is common for psoriatic plaques to become squamous cell carcinoma

Answer 18

false

Question 19

true or false: people with atopic eczema always have dry skin

Answer 19

true

Question 20

gene mutations for which protein are associated with severe atopic eczema?

Answer 20

filaggrin

Question 21

how does a broken down skin barrier cause eczema?

Answer 21

exposed skin is sensitised to allergen

promotes colonisation by microorganisms

Question 22

what are the principle skin reactions that occur in type 1 hypersensitivity?

Answer 22

urticaria

angioedema

Question 23

list the step up therapy for allergic reactions

Answer 23

antihistamine
prednisolone
adrenaline

Question 24

allergic contact dermatitis is an example of which hypersensitivity reaction?

Answer 24

type IV

Question 25

what is the time period for type four hypersensitivity reactions?

Answer 25

24-48 hours