Dermatitis

Question 1

what is meant by hyperkeratosis?

Answer 1

increased thickness of the keratin layer

Question 2

what is meant by parakeratosis?

Answer 2

increased rate of epidermal cell turnover

Question 3

what is meant by acanthosis?

Answer 3

increased thickness of the epidermis

Question 4

what is meant by papillomatosis?

Answer 4

irregular epithelial thickening

Question 5

what is meant by spongiosis?

Answer 5

oedema between keratinocytes

Question 6

true or false: dermatitis is synonymous with eczema

Answer 6

true

Question 7

list some features of the acute phase of dermatitis

Answer 7

red lesions
oedema
oozing and crusting

Question 8

list some features of the chronic phase of dermatitis

Answer 8

thickening
elevated plaques
scaling

Question 9

what is another name for the thickening of the skin in dermatitis?

Answer 9

lichenification

Question 10

what symptom is always experienced in eczema?

Answer 10

itch

Question 11

name the seven types of dermatitis

Answer 11

contact allergic 
contact irritant 
atopic 
drug induced 
photosensitive 
lichen simplex 
stasis dermatitis

Question 12

what is the basic pathogenesis behind contact allergic dermatitis?

Answer 12

type 4 hypersensitivity

Question 13

what is the basic pathogenesis behind lichen simplex dermatitis?

Answer 13

physical trauma to the skin such as persistent scratching

Question 14

list some common causes of contact allergic dermatitis

Answer 14

nickel
latex
plants

Question 15

what causes weeping in eczema?

Answer 15

oedema between keratinocytes spills out onto the skin surface

Question 16

what investigation can be used to identify substances causing contact allergic dermatitis?

Answer 16

patch testing

Question 17

what is involved in patch testing?

Answer 17

wells containing an allergen are applied to skin on the back and left for 2-4 days

Question 18

which dermatitis - contact allergic or irritant - is a non specific reaction?

Answer 18

contact irritant

Question 19

list examples of things that can cause contact irritant dermatitis

Answer 19

soap
detergent
oil
nappy rash

Question 20

true or false: contact allergic and contact irritant dermatitis are easy to distinguish

Answer 20

false

often need to do a patch test

Question 21

list some symptoms and signs of atopic dermatitis

Answer 21

itch 
scaling 
poorly defined erythema 
dry skin 
flexural distribution

Question 22

true or false: atopic dermatitis is associated with other atopic disease

Answer 22

true

Question 23

what causes secondary infection of atopic eczema?

Answer 23

staph aureus

Question 24

which virus causes eczema herpeticum?

Answer 24

herpes simplex virus

Question 25

what does eczema herpeticum look like?

Answer 25

monomorphic

punched out

Question 26

what is the UK diagnostic criteria for atopic eczema?

Answer 26

itch and at least three of:

flexural rash
history of atopy
dry skin
onset before two y/o

Question 27

list step up therapy for eczema

Answer 27

emollient and topical steroid

add antibiotics if infected

phototherapy

immunosuppressants if there is systemic upset

Question 28

what is the most important gene related to atopic eczema?

Answer 28

filaggrin

Question 29

what is another name for photosensitive dermatitis?

Answer 29

chronic actinic dermatitis