Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Y2 Revision > Microbiology - Dermatology > Flashcards

Microbiology - Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

what is virulence?

A

the ability of an organism to cause disease within a host

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

name five virulence factors

A 
adhesin 
impedin 
invasin 
aggressin 
modulin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are adhesins?

A

bacterial cell surface components that help the organism stick to host tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are invasins?

A

components that enable organisms to invade host tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are impedins?

A

components that help the organism avoid the immune response in host tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are aggressins?

A

components that cause direct damage to host tissue and immune cells, affecting the hosts ability to cope with disease in the future

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are modulins?

A

components that cause indirect damage to the host by turning the immune system on itself

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

true or false: the nasal strain of staph aureus can protect the mucosa

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

true or false: staph epidermidis can occupy up to 100% of our skin

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

where is the most common entry or staph aureus into the body?

A

the nose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

name the three main important virulence factors of staph aureus infection

A

fibrinogen binding protein
leukocidin
TSST 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what type of virulence factor is fibrinogen binding protein?

A

adhesin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what does leukocidin do?

A

kills leukocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

true or false: every strain of staph aureus carries every virulence factor

A

false

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

which two severe skin diseases is leukocidin associated with?

A

necrotising fasciitis

recurrent furunculosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

true or false: leukocidin is more virulent in hospital acquired MRSA than community acquired

A

false

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

name a superantigen released by MRSA

A

TSST 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what does TSST 1 cause?

A

toxic shock syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

how do superantigens avoid specific T cell activation?

A

bind to MHC II complex on the outside (not how they conventionally bind)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

name three skin infections caused by strep pyogenes

A

impetigo
cellulitis
necrotising fasciitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

how does the lancefield system classify different subtypes of strep pyogenes?

A

M protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

which two virulence factors are particularly important as adhesins for strep pyogenes?

A

hyaluronic acid

CD44 positive keratinocytes

23
Q

true or false: the bigger the capsule the less virulent an organism is

A

false

24
Q

where does impetigo usually affect?

A

the face

25
Q

where in the body is strep pyogenes normally found?

A

the throat

26
Q

which strain of staph aureus commonly produces abscesses and boils, usually affecting numerous family members at once/

A

PVL (panton valentine leukocidin)

27
Q

which group of strep causes throat and severe skin infections?

A

group A

28
Q

which bacteria causes impetigo?

A

staph aureus

group A strep

29
Q

which bacteria tends to cause necrotising fasciitis?

A

group A strep (strep pyogenes)

30
Q

what is the treatment of choice for staph aureus?

A

flucloxacillin

31
Q

what is the treatment of choice for strep pyogenes?

A

penicillin

32
Q

what is necrotising fasciitis?

A

bacterial infection spreading under the skin into the fascia

33
Q

what is the nickname for necrotising fasciitis?

A

flesh eating bacterial disease

34
Q

true or false: type I necrotising fasciitis is caused by group A strep

A

false

type I = mixed anaerobes and coliforms
II = group A strep

35
Q

what is the most common skin fungal infection caused by?

A

ringworm

36
Q

what is another name for athlete’s foot?

A

tinea pedis

37
Q

how is dermatophyte infection caused?

A

fungus enters abraded skin and infects keratinised tissue, provoking inflammation and outward lesioning

38
Q

which organism is the most common cause of dermatophyte infection?

A

trichophyton rubrum

39
Q

how are small areas of dermatophyte infection treated?

A

clotrimazole cream

nail paint

40
Q

how are dermatophyte scalp infections treated?

A

terbinafine oral

itraconzole oral

41
Q

which parasite causes scabies?

A

sarcoptes scabiei

42
Q

how long does incubation of scabies take?

A

up to six weeks

43
Q

how is scabies treated?

A

malathion lotion overnight

benzyl benzoate in adults

44
Q

what virus cause chickenpox and shingles?

A

varicella zoster

45
Q

where does varicella zoster become dormant following chickenpox?

A

dorsal root ganglia of the spine

46
Q

true or false: chickenpox can cause pneumonitis and encephalitis

A

true

47
Q

what is ramsay hunt syndrome?

A

reactivation of varicella zoster in CN VII

causes vesicles and pain in the auditory canal and throat

48
Q

what does herpes simplex virus cause around the mouth?

A

primary gingivostomatitis

extensive ulceration

49
Q

what is the treatment of choice for varicella zoster and herpes simplex virus?

A

aciclovir

50
Q

which virus tends to cause warts?

A

human papilloma virus

51
Q

which treatment is effective for warts?

A

salicylic acid

52
Q

which bacterium causes syphilis?

A

treponema pallidum

53
Q

how is syphilis tretaed?

A

penicillin injections

Y2 Revision (95 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions