Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

P/S > AA: Diagnostic > Flashcards

AA: Diagnostic Flashcards

(60 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Disorganized attachment

A

A confused infant-parent bond that is characterized by mixed separation anxiety and a tendency for the infant to resist and have a dazed behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Secure attachment

A

An infant-parent bond that is characterized by some separation anxiety and a tendency for the infant to seek contact with the parent after separation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Anxious-ambivalent attachment

A

An infant-parent bond that is characterized by strong separation anxiety and a tendency for the infant to resist contact with the parent after separation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Avoidant attachment

A

An insecure infant-parent bond that is characterized by little separation anxiety and a tendency for the infant to resist contact with the parent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Projection

A

When someone attributes unacceptable thoughts or behaviors within themself to another person

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Rationalization

A

Involves creating a seemingly logical explanation for otherwise unacceptable behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Reaction formation

A

Involves minimizing uncomfortable thoughts or emotions by overemphasizing their opposite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Emotional displacement

A

Involves shifting the focus of emotion from a less to more acceptable target

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Positive reinforcer

A

Increases the frequency of the preceding behavior by introducing an appetitive stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Negative reinforcer

A

Increases the frequency of the preceding behavior by removing an aversive stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Positive punisher

A

Decreases the frequency of the preceding behavior by introducing an aversive stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Negative punisher

A

Decreases the frequency of the preceding behavior by removing an appetitive stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Weber’s ideology

A
  1. Aformal organization requires specialization in a limited number of tasks, rather than completing a variety of tasks
  2. Employment in a formal organization is based on technical qualifications
  3. Decisions in ideal bureaucracies are based on an organizational hierarchy instead of consensus among employees
  4. Evaluation of performance and skills in ideal bureaucracies are not based on individualized criteria, but on standardized rules and procedures
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Fundamental attribution error

A

Refers to the tendency to attribute people’s behavior to internal, dispositional traits, rather than situational factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

High elaboration processing

A

Focuses on the role of central and peripheral characteristics of a communication in changing individuals and is likely to involve processing through the central characteristics of a message, which refer to its informational content and the quality of its arguments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Central route processing

A

Occurs when the central characteristics of a message, such as its informational content and the quality of its arguments, are used to form an attitude

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Careful processing

A

Is more likely to attune participants to the central characteristics in a communication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Peripheral route processing

A

Occurs when peripheral characteristics drive an individual’s processing and attitude formation in a given social setting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Weber’s law

A

The minimum change in intensity necessary for the subject to sense that the stimulus has changed is a ratio of the original stimulus intensity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Perceptual constancy

A

The tendency to experience a stable perception even as the sensory input itself is changing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Natural selection

A

Is a mechanism to explain evolution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Absolute threshold

A

Refers to the smallest amount of physical stimulation required to detect a sensory input half the time it is present

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Cones

A

Used to detect colour and are found at the fovea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Rods

A

Used to detect black and white and are found at the periphery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Medicalization
Refers to the recategorization of a condition as a medical problem that requires diagnosis and treatment by medical experts
26
Front stage self
Refers to an individual's impression management that is consistent with the expectations of a particular social role
27
Intersectionality
Indicates that the different aspects of someone’s social background
28
Social role conflict
Indicates the conflicting demands of two different social roles an individual carries
29
Demographic transition
Refers to the association between the level of socioeconomic development and the balance between fertility and mortality rates in a society
30
Cognitive dissonance
Is a form of psychological distress experienced when an individual holds two inconsistent attitudes, or when their behavior is inconsistent with their attitudes
31
Group polarization
Refers to attitudinal polarization that occurs when a group of like-minded individuals discuss an issue, leading to each individual holding more extreme attitudes at the end of the discussion
32
Representativeness heuristic
Tendency to overestimate the prevalence of representative members of a category while ignoring the base rate
33
Role conflict
Occurs when the separate roles that an individual occupies come into conflict
34
Role adjustment
Refers to the process of an individual taking up a new social role
35
Role strain
Refers to the stress an individual experiences due to the competing demands within the same social role
36
Role engulfment
Would have occurred if the care role was a dominant sense of identity
37
Gender identity theories
Would focus on how different gender identities are formed in a society
38
Gender socialization theories
Focus on how gendered attitudes and behaviors are taught to children in a society
39
Spontaneous recovery
The reappearance of an extinguished response after a period of nonexposure to the conditioned stimulus
40
Stimulus discrimination
A stimulus-controlled behavior occurring in response specifically to the original controlling stimulus without being elicited by stimuli that resemble the original stimulus
41
Stimulus generalization
A stimulus-controlled behavior occurring in response to stimuli that physically resemble the original controlling stimulus
42
Secondary reinforcement
Stimuli that have acquired reinforcing qualities by being associated with primary reinforcers
43
Continuous reinforcement
Refers to reinforcing every response emitted by an individual
44
Partial reinforcement
Occurs when only some of the responses emitted by an individual are reinforced
45
Sensory memory
Is the system of memory which preserves information in its original sensory form, typically only for a fraction of a second
46
Short-term memory
Information is only maintained in short-term memory for approximately 20 seconds, unless it is actively rehearsed
47
Episodic memory
Is long-term memory for personally experienced events
48
Semantic memory
Is memory for facts and knowledge
49
Central route persuasion
Involves an active effort to change an attitude, and the central route utilizes informational content and the quality of arguments to do so
50
Peripheral route persuasion
Utilizes the message characteristics that are not central to the information and arguments presented, such as emotional appeals
51
Normative social influence
Refers to individuals acting in ways that comply with the norms of their social groups
51
Informational social influence
Occurs when individuals conform to others' behavior because they are in an ambiguous situation for which they do not have a script
52
Agreeableness
Empathetic and helpful
53
Conscientiousness
Organization, punctuality, and dependability
54
Sensation seeking
Seek novelty and high stimulating activities
55
Demand characteristics
Occur if the research design provides cues to the participants regarding the study hypothesis and causes them to respond in a specific manner
55
Openness
Curiosity, imagination, and unconventional attitudes
56
Hawthorne effect
Refers to the change in the participants’ behavior when they know their behavior is being observed, including via self-report
57
Self-serving bias
Refers to the tendency to attribute one’s successes to internal, stable traits, and failures to situational factors
58
Confirmation bias
Refers to the tendency to put more weight on information that confirms one’s preexisting attitudes

P/S (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions