Abdominal emergencies/ signs/quadrants/organs Flashcards
(46 cards)
Cullens sign
Define
Bluish discoloration around umbilical region
Greys turners sign
Define
Discoloration of the skin of the flank
Kehr’s sign
Define
Left sholder pain when palpating the abdomen
McBurneys point
Define
Tenderness 2/3rds of the distance between umbilicus and ileum
Murphy’s sign
Define
Tenderness and rigidity under the ribs of the right side as they breath in
Psoas Sign
Define
this is elicited by having the patient lay on their side while the right thigh is flexed backward
Peritonitis
Define
Irritation and inflammation of the peritoneum from blood, pus, bacteria, or chemical substances leaking into the peritoneal cavity
Markle Heel drop
What are the steps
What does this test assess for?
Have patient sit on a chair or edge of the bed. Hold the heels out and drop them. Positive markle Heel drop test the patient will hold their legs up instead of letting them drop becuase it causes them pain
* Peritonitis
* Appendicitis
Markle Heel jar
What is it
- Smack the patients foot and if it causes pain positive markle
Appendicitis
Define
What happens if left untreated
Usually caused by a blockage in the intestines that results in inflammation and irritation of the appendix
untreated: Rupture
Pancreatitis
Define
Where does the pain radiate to?
Inflammation of the pancreas
- Radiates from middle of the upper quadrants to mid-lower back
Cholecystitis
Define
What is it associated with
Inflammation of the gallbladder. Commonly associated with gallstones
Gastrointestinal bleeding
Define
Bleeding in either the upper or lower gastrointestinal tract
Causes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding
- Peptic ulcers
- Gastric erosion
- Varices
Causes of lower gastrointestinal bleeding
- Diverticulitis
- Aterivenous malformations
*Tumors
Hematemesis
Define
Vomiting blood, which can be bright red or look like coffee grounds
Hematochezia
Define
Bright red blood in the stool normally signifying a rapid onset
Melena
Define
Dark tarry stools containing decomposing blood normally from the upper gastrointestinal system
Esophageal Varices
Define
bulging, engorgement, or weakening of the blood vessel in the lining of the lower part of the esophagus
Portal hypertension
Define
What abdominal emergency is it a s/s for
Increased pressure in the venous blood supply system of the liver, stomach, and esophagus
* Associated with esophageal varices
Gastroenteritis
Define
Inflammation of the stomach and small intestines. Normally caused by viruses and bacteria
Ulcers
Define
Open wounds or sores within the digestive tract, usually in the stomach or the beginning of the small intestine
Intestinal obstruction
Define
Blockage that interrupts the normal flow of contents within the intestines
Hernia
Define
Is a protrusion or thrustin forward of a portion of the intestine through an opening or weakness in the abdominal wall
