ABNORMALITIES IN CELL GROWTH

Question 1

Abnormalities in Cell Growth

Answer 1

A. Retrogressive
B. Progressive
C. Degenerative

Question 2

RETROGRESSIVE (2)

Answer 2

Development defects
Atrophy

Question 3

Development Defects

Answer 3

Hypoplasia
Aplasia
Agenesia
Atresia

Question 4

• The organs or a part of the tissue is smaller than normal.

Answer 4

RETROGRESSIVE

Question 5

Incomplete development of the organ

Answer 5

Aplasia

Question 6

Failure of an organ to develop fully

Answer 6

Hypoplasia

Question 7

Failure of an organ to form an opening

Answer 7

Atresia

Question 8

o Acquired decrease of the size of a normally developed organ

Answer 8

Atrophy

Question 9

PROGRESSIVE

Answer 9

Hypertrophy
Hyperplasia

Question 10

The tissue has an increase in size due to the increase in size of the individual cells

Answer 10

Hypertrophy

Question 11

The tissue has an increase in the number of cells

Answer 11

Hyperplasia

Question 12

• There is change due to aberrations of cellular growth patterns

• There is disturbance during the pattern of development

Answer 12

DEGENERATIVE

Question 13

There are four categories of DEGENERATIVE

Answer 13

Dysplasia
Metaplasia
Anaplasia
Neoplasia

Question 14

• Means “disordered growth”

Answer 14

Dysplasia

Question 15

Presence of abnormal cells within a tissue (reversible)

Answer 15

Dysplasia

Question 16

• Reversible
• It involves of transformation of one type of adult cell to another

Answer 16

Metaplasia

Question 17

Lack of differentiation of cells

irreversible

Answer 17

Anaplasia

Question 18

Neoplasia means

Answer 18

New growth

Question 19

• Uncontrolled proliferation of cells with no purpose

Answer 19

Neoplasia

Question 20

• Mass of neoplastic cells

Answer 20

Tumor/Neoplasm

Question 21

General Characteristics Of Tumors

Answer 21

• May resemble and function like a normal cell

• Autonomous

• Parasitic nature

Question 22

• Non-responsive to normal growth factors

Answer 22

Autonomous

Question 23

Competes with cells for metabolic needs

Answer 23

Parasitic nature

Question 24

Parts of Tumor

Answer 24

Parenchyma
Stroma

Question 25

actively dividing • Darkly stained An active element of the tumor

Answer 25

Parenchyma

Question 26

The connective framework with the lymphatic or vascular channels

Answer 26

Stroma (body)

Question 27

DEATH CLASSIFICATION OF TUMOR Benign: Malignant:

Answer 27

Usually not cause death Usually causes death

Question 28

DIFFERENTIATION CLASSIFICATION OF TUMOR Benign: Malignant:

Answer 28

Well-differentiated Some lack of differentiation

Question 29

RATE OF GROWTH CLASSIFICATION OF TUMOR Benign: Malignant:

Answer 29

Progressive and slow Erratic

Question 30

METASTASIS CLASSIFICATION OF TUMOR Benign: Malignant:

Answer 30

Absent Frequent

Question 31

EPITHELIAL TISSUE GENERAL TUMOR NOMENCLATURE Benign: Malignant:

Answer 31

-oma -carcinoma

Question 32

CONNECTIVE TISSUE GENERAL TUMOR NOMENCLATURE Benign: Malignant:

Answer 32

- oma - sarcoma

Question 33

• Monstrous tumors Benign type of tumor It can grow on any part of the body

Answer 33

Teratoma

Question 34

• Attempts to establish an estimate of the level of malignancy of a tumor

Answer 34

Grading of Tumors

Question 35

Grading of Tumors Based on cytologic differentiation of_______ and ______

Answer 35

tumor cells and number of mitoses

Question 36

cytologic differentiation of tumor cells

Answer 36

Well-differentiated Undifferentiated

Question 37

• Tumor cells resemble normal cells

Answer 37

Well-differentiated

Question 38

• Tumor cells do not resemble normal cells

Answer 38

Undifferentiated

Question 39

• For the size of the tumor • Extent of the spread of the cancer cells to the lymph nodes • Presence of metastasis

Answer 39

staging

Question 40

Used to classify the grading of tumors

Answer 40

BORDER'S CLASSIFICATION OF TUMOR

Question 41

BORDER'S CLASSIFICATION OF TUMOR Differentiated Cells Grade l ll lll lV

Answer 41

Grade l 100-75 ll 75-50 lll 50-25 lV 25-0

Question 42

BORDER'S CLASSIFICATION OF TUMOR Undifferentiated Cells Grade l ll lll lV

Answer 42

Grade l 0-25 ll 25-50 lll 50-75 lV 75-100

Question 43

Limitations of Grading

Answer 43

• It is subjective • Higher grades of tumor have more tendency to metastasize • Most sarcomas cannot be graded

Question 44

Complete non-appearance of an organ

Answer 44

Agenesia