Flashcards in Actinobacillus Deck (43)
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1
What are the Actinobacillus species we are concerned with? (7)
Actinobacillus lignieresii
Actinobacillus equuli
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae
Actinobacillus suis
Actinobacillus salpingitidis
Actinobacillus seminis
Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans
2
Actinobacillus lignieresii commonly causes ______________ in the head and neck area of cattle
granulomatous, tumor like infections
3
The natural habitat of Actinobacillus ligniersii
commensal of the buccal cavity of cattle and sheep
4
Cattle: how does Actinobacillus ligniersii enter the tissues?
Via penetrating wound in the buccal cavity
Often caused by forage
5
Granulomatous abscesses caused by Actinobacillus ligniersii is often seen where?
lower jaw and neck area
6
T/F Actinobacillus ligniersii will stay localized in the area of infection
FALSE; has the ability to cause granulomatous abscesses in other organs; commonly seen in the wall of the stomach
7
The characteristic lesion of Actinobacillus ligniersii is "______" which is granulomatous abscesses on the tongue drastically reducing function
Wooden Tongue
8
If you were abroad on a trip to Scotland and visitng a sheep farm, what would be a bacteria that would be more commonly seen there than here in the US
Actinobacillus ligniersii
9
T/F Both humoral and CMI immunity is important for Actinobacillus ligniersii infections
TRUE
10
How would you treat an infection of Actinobacillus ligniersii?
Localized injections of liquid iodine and IV of sodium iodide
11
Actinobacillus equuli was formerly in the genus _______. It is the cause of ______ or sleepy foal disease
Shigella
Shigellosis
12
What is teh natural habitat of Actinobacillus equuli?
Oral cavity and intestinal tract of normal horses
13
Describe the pathogenesis of Actinobacillus equuli?
It is an opportunist. Only occurs in diseased or debilitated horses. Becomes septicemic and produces an RTX toxin that has leukocytic properties
14
T/F Actinobacillus can be contracted from the foal passing through the birth canal?
TRUE
15
What is the average lifespan of a foal infected with Actinobacillus equuli?
4 days maximum, 1/3 only live to 24 hours
16
In foals, what are the clinical signs seen with Actinobacillus equuli infections?
purrulent nephritis with several abscesses in the renal cortex
17
In adult horses, Actinobacillus equuli gains entry into the blood via _______ migrating into the blood stream from the intestine
Strongylus vulgaris (IT WONT GO AWAY)
18
Adult horses infected with Actinobacillus equuli often have a _______
septicemia
19
T/F There is a commercial vaccine available for Actinobacillus equuli that is commonly used to prevent infections
FALSE; there is no commercial vaccine available
20
________ causes contagious pleuropneumonia in swine
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae
21
T/F Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae can grow on its own; does not require a growth factor
FALSE; growth of this organism requires V factor (NAD
22
What are the three serotypes of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae that are present in the US?
1,5,7
23
How many toxins does Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae produce? What is the name of them? What is the only one that is produced in vivo?
4; They are RTX toxins
Apx1, Apx2, Apx3, and Apx4
Apx4 is the only one that grows in vivo
24
What is the natural habitat for Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae?
Upper respiratory tract of swine; Can be shed into the environment by older pigs
25
Describe the pathogenesis of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae
usually seen in endemically infected herds. Piglets are infected as colostral immunity wanes, which results in a mild disease.
Peracute form can result in pig death in less than 8 hours
26
T/F Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae does not need an inducing agent
TRUE; this is highly pathogenic
27
Pigs that recover from Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae are/are not immune to future infections
ARE
28
Treatment of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae; does it develop resistance?
Penicillin, tetracycline; YES, it develops resistance relatively easily
29
______ is known to cause acute, fatal septicemia in 1-8 week old pigs
Actinobacillus suis
30
