Actions of the Cultural Revolution

Question 1

Role of the PLA
support rg

Answer 1

Supporting the Red Guards eg PLA support ‘revolutionary rebels’ to take over factories, docs, newspapers in Shanghai after they announced had taken overthrown Shanghai Committee

Question 2

Role of the PLA
supress opponents

Answer 2

Suppress openents e.g 600 dies in Wuhan street battle
May 16 group of 40 members scapegoat, 4 most radical of CRG purged pla can fire at guards, red guards to unite and form ‘grand alliances’, wants rapid progress in Revolutionary Committees
Beijing uni final suppression sent 30,000 troops to disarm, 10 kille

Question 3

Role of the PLA
revolutionary committees

Answer 3

Role of establishing Revolutionary Committees, of which PLA, Red Guards, communist officals represented

Question 4

Role of the PLA
not have power

Answer 4

High ranking military members purged and court marshalled following Febrary Adverse Current

Ordered to stand down and not attak RG following feb adbverse BUT later told to open fire once deciding allowing them weapons was ‘unstrategic’
Any significant power gained by Lin ended when he died 1971

And not a role in creating policy like Jiang and revolutionary operas,

Question 5

Red guards
4 olds

Answer 5

Used to eradicate the Four Olds
War on ‘Hong Kong-style haircuts, Hong-Kong style clothing, cowboy trousers, winkle pickers and high-heeled shoes’, ‘correction stations’ at street corners heads were shaved.
Historic sites, temples old city gates, statues, artefacts damaged religious buildings, invaded ransacked homes suspected of ‘bourgeois’ confiscated or destroyed , piles of book fies

Question 6

Red guards
unis

Answer 6

Attacked universities following character wall orchastrated by mao and kang sheng

Question 7

Red guards
shanghai workers genreal
SWG

Answer 7

shanghai Workers General organised RG activity and ‘revolutionary rebels’ lead to shanghai revolutionary committee to model

BUT rustufication campaign ment role was short term

Question 8

Party
4 olds

Answer 8

Unchecked systematic attack party officials as four olds vauge , mao and allies angry leadership resisting

Question 9

Party
conservative mass organisation

Answer 9

Red guards controlled by bureaucracy ‘conservative mass organizations’, were children of cadres, split and rivalries

Question 10

Party
sixteen points

Answer 10

critism of politburo said RG overstepping boundaries laid down in Sixteen Points

Politburo support mao limit rg by force stop travelling withdraw from government

Question 11

Party
rustification

Answer 11

rustification campaign Seventh Cadre Schools re-education by physical labour and politica study by learn from peasants

Question 12

Party
purged

Answer 12

10 million sus of may 16, 3 mil quetioned . Officials purged 2000, 1968 widened to ‘cleansing of the ranks’ arrest another 1.8 mil, tens of thousands beaten to death or suicide most to labour camps
Liu scapegoat expelled from government 1969 offical end