Foreign relations 1962 - 1966

Question 1

USSR

Answer 1

Withdraw support agreed to develop nuclear weapons in 1957 by 1960 but Chinese continue success of atomic bomb I 1964 and atomic bomb 1957, Mao = ‘paper tiger’ not plan on using them break nuclear monopoly

Question 2

USSR

Answer 2

Criticise Khrushchev for agreeing test ban treaty 1957 and China continues to test in the atmosphere

Question 3

USSR

Answer 3

Criticise Khruschev missiles in Cuba as rash and reckless but removing them as a surrender

Question 4

Xinjiang
uighur

Answer 4

1962, 60,000 Uighur Muslims cross boarder to escape famine, China accuse Ussr of encouraging movement to decrease stability of there control

Question 5

Vietnam
USA

Answer 5

worsen relations usa
USA did not want to see another country fall under communist1960 nlf national liberation front in south fight north who want united communist, supported by American policy of containment. Worsen relations China support north from American bombing

Question 6

Vietnam
USSR

Answer 6

he PRC did not want to see South Vietnam and the USA win the war

However, a victory for North Vietnam was also not ideal due to close ties with the USSR
Worse relations with Ussr as didnt want to be abandoned like were in Korean war, instead indirectly support
helped to train North Vietnamese pilots + also supplied the north with arms

In 1965 the war escalated and the chinese send anti-aircraft + engineering units of the PLA to north vietnam to help with defence against american bombing + to repair damage done by air raids

These chinese units freed North Vietnamese soldiers to fight in the war, but the chinese troops themselves were not involved in the fighting

Question 7

Vietnam
Internal issue

Answer 7

internal conflict chief pla wants a direct line of defence BUT was purged Lin Biao, defence minister disagrees.

Question 8

xinjiang
soviet leave

Answer 8

After the 1949 ccp victory the PRC and USSR had entered an agreement to cooperate so they could develop xinjiang’s rich mineral wealth
From 1950-1955, soviet engineers + technicians had been involved in drilling oil/ mining metal ores
Although they were walking together, there were increasing tensions between the chinese and soviet experts + in 1955, this joint project was ended by them as relations completely deteriorated

Question 9

Xinjiang
talks

Answer 9

Agree to boarder talks= positive in relations BUT both increase military on boarder and talks drag on for years

Question 10

USSR
nuclear weapons

Answer 10

China had signed an agreement with the USSR in 1957 in which soviet experts would help china with their development of nuclear weapons
After the soviet experts were withdrawn from china in 1960, chinese scientists carried on with their own research
atomic bomb in 1964,
hydrogen bomb in 1967
Since china had not signed the ‘nuclear test ban treaty’ in 1963, these tests were carried out in the atmosphere
The ussr concerned that a nuclear armed china was a threat to the world,
soviet leaders were considering a nuclear strike against china due to border clashes
Considered a huge victory within the Chinese people