Anatomy Final Exam

Question 1

Erythropoietin

Answer 1

EPO
Direct stimulus for erythropoiesis- red cell blood production
Released by kidneys in response to hypoxia

Question 2

Hypoxia

Answer 2

Not enough oxygen

Question 3

Hemoglobin break down

Answer 3

Iron reused
Heme into bilirubin
Globing into amino acids

Question 4

Anemia

Answer 4

Blood has abnormally low oxygen carrying capacity

Question 5

Hemorrhagic anemia

Answer 5

Acute or chronic loss of blood

Question 6

Hemolytic anemia

Answer 6

RBcs rupture prematurely

Question 7

Aplastic anemia

Answer 7

Destruction or inhibition of red bone marrow

Question 8

Pernicious anemia

Answer 8

Deficiency of vitamin 12B

Question 9

Thalassemias

Answer 9

Absent globin chain

Question 10

Sickle cell anemia

Answer 10

Defective hemoglobin

Sickle shaped in low oxygen

Question 11

Polycythemia

Answer 11

Excess of RBCs that increase blood viscosity

Question 12

Leukopenia

Answer 12

Abnormally low WBC count

Question 13

Leukemia’s

Answer 13

Cancerous condition of WBC

Question 14

Vascular spasm

Answer 14

Vasoconstriction of damaged blood vessel

Question 15

Thromboembolic disorders

Answer 15

Undesirable clot formation

Question 16

Thrombus

Answer 16

Clot that develops and persists an unbroken blood vessel

Question 17

Embolus

Answer 17

A thrombus freely floating in blood stream

Question 18

Disseminated intravascular coagulation

Answer 18

Widespread clotting blocks intact blood vessels

Question 19

Thrombocytopenia

Answer 19

Deficient number of circulation platelets

Question 20

Type AB

Answer 20

Has antibodies non
Universal
Recipient

Question 21

Type B

Answer 21

Antibodies A

Can receive B, O

Question 22

type A

Answer 22

Antibodies Ant B

Can receive A, O

Question 23

Type O

Answer 23

Antibodies A, B

Universal donor

Question 24

Pericardium layers

Answer 24

Fibrous on outside
Parietal lines inside of fibrous
Visceral lines external heart

Question 25

Layers of heart wall

Answer 25

Epicardium- outside Myocardium- middle with muscle Endocardium- endothelial inside

Question 26

Which ventricle is bigger

Answer 26

Left

Question 27

Angina pectoris

Answer 27

Tight chest | Chest pain

Question 28

Infarction

Answer 28

Heart attack

Question 29

Ischemia

Answer 29

Reduced blood flow

Question 30

Heart electrical conduction

Answer 30

``` SA node To AV node AV bundle Left and right branches Purkinje fibers ```

Question 31

P wave

Answer 31

Depolarization of SA node

Question 32

QRS

Answer 32

Ventricular depolarization

Question 33

T wave

Answer 33

Ventricular depolarization

Question 34

Second degree heart block

Answer 34

Some p waves not included | Sometimes doesn’t fire, small tracing with blank space in between

Question 35

Ventricular fibrillation

Answer 35

Chaotic irregular ekg

Question 36

Junctional rhythm

Answer 36

P waves are completely absent | Just qrs and t,

Question 37

Lub

Answer 37

Av valves close | Right at the end dip of QRS

Question 38

Dub

Answer 38

SL valves close | Right at end of T

Question 39

Systole

Answer 39

Contraction

Question 40

Diastole

Answer 40

Relaxation

Question 41

Peristalsis

Answer 41

Movement of food down esophagus

Question 42

Arteriosclerosis

Answer 42

Hardening of arteries

Question 43

Atherosclerosis

Answer 43

Clogged arteries

Question 44

Cricotomy

Answer 44

Open part in throat to allow breathing

Question 45

Right lobe how many parts

Answer 45

Superior Middle Inferior

Question 46

Left lobe parts

Answer 46

Superior Inferior Cardiac notch

Question 47

Atelectasis

Answer 47

Lung collapse

Question 48

Boyle’s law

Answer 48

Relationship between pressure and volume Increased volume- decreased pressure Decreased volume- increased pressure

Question 49

Tv

Answer 49

Tidal volume

Question 50

IRV

Answer 50

Inspiratory reserve volume

Question 51

ERV

Answer 51

Exploratory reserve volume

Question 52

RV

Answer 52

Residual volume

Question 53

IC

Answer 53

Inspiratory capacity

Question 54

FRC

Answer 54

Functional residual capacity

Question 55

VC

Answer 55

Vital capacity

Question 56

TLC

Answer 56

Total lung capacity

Question 57

Dalton’s law

Answer 57

Partial pressures

Question 58

Henry’s law

Answer 58

The partial pressures in air equal partial pressures in liquid

Question 59

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Answer 59

Trouble forcing air out | Bronchitis emphysema

Question 60

Dyspnea

Answer 60

Labored breathing

Question 61

Restrictive

Answer 61

Hard to get air inn

Question 62

Eupnea

Answer 62

Normal

Question 63

Apnea

Answer 63

Stop in breathing

Question 64

GI tract layers

Answer 64

``` Malt Mucosa Submucosa Mucularia Series and peritoneum ```

Question 65

Chyme

Answer 65

Food mixed with secretions of gastric flames turned into liquid

Question 66

Pepsin

Answer 66

Digestive enzyme that break down proteins

Question 67

Pancreatic amalasew

Answer 67

Digests carbs

Question 68

Trypsin

Answer 68

Digests proteins

Question 69

Pancreatic lipase

Answer 69

Digests triglycerides

Question 70

Ribonuclease

Answer 70

Digests nucleic acids

Question 71

Lysozyme

Answer 71

Destroys bacteria