Ancient Rome

Question 1

the land in italy is

Answer 1

a peninsula extending 750 miles long

Question 2

ridge dividing italy from north to south

Answer 2

apennine mountain range

Question 3

fertile farming area in northern italy

Answer 3

po river valley

Question 4

region where rome is located

Answer 4

plain of latium

Question 5

southern area of italy, fertile for farming

Answer 5

region of campania

Question 6

river providing rome access to the sea

Answer 6

tiber river

Question 7

body of water surrounding the italian peninsula

Answer 7

mediterranean sea

Question 8

influential civilization controlling rome after 650 bc

Answer 8

etruscans

Question 9

toga

Answer 9

traditional roman garment adopted from etruscans

Question 10

system allowing some people full citizenship

Answer 10

roman confederation

Question 11

the roman army borrowed

Answer 11

etruscans

Question 12

rome engaged in battles for ___ years

Answer 12

200

Question 12

etruscan influence

Answer 12

transformed rome from a village to city

Question 13

livy

Answer 13

rome historian who wrote about cincinnatus

Question 14

what did romans due after losses

Answer 14

rebuilt their armies, showing resilience

Question 15

patricians

Answer 15

wealthy landowners, ruling class of rome

Question 16

plebians

Answer 16

commoners, and less wealthy people including farmers, merchants and craftspeople, fewer rights

Question 17

praetors

Answer 17

officials in charge of civil law and justice, later expanded to non citizens

Question 18

who is in the roman senate

Answer 18

a select group of about 300 patricians serving for life

Question 19

council of the plebs

Answer 19

council that allowed plebeians to pass laws and elect their own officials called tribunes

Question 20

conflict between patricians and plebeians for equality

Answer 20

struggle of the orders

Question 21

first written code of laws

Answer 21

twelve tables

Question 22

_____ could hold office; _____ could vote

Answer 22

patricians
both

Question 22

natural law

Answer 22

universal law based on reason and justice

Question 23

civil law

Answer 23

legal system applied only to roman citizens

Question 24

first punic war fought over

Answer 24

conflict of sicily

Question 25

hannibal

Answer 25

carthaginian general, led the second punic war, known for crossing the alps with 46,000 men and 37 elephants

Question 26

battle of cannae

Answer 26

roman suffered a major defeat with 40,000 people killed, but eventually recovered

Question 27

why were the twelve tables written

Answer 27

to ensure fairer treatment of both patricians and plebeians stated the rights, laws duties of the roman citizens

Question 28

cincinnatus

Answer 28

a roman farmer who became a temporary ruler to save rome

Question 29

wars fought between rome and carthage

Answer 29

the punic wars

Question 30

what happened in the third punic war

Answer 30

rome completely destroyed carthage, selling its inhabitants into slavery and taking over its territory as a province

Question 31

type of government in rome

Answer 31

representative, 3 branches, checks and balances

Question 31

big fear in rome

Answer 31

tyranny

Question 32

conquered people are expected to

Answer 32

follow roman law, pay taxes

Question 33

cause of rivalry with carthage and rome

Answer 33

mediterranean sea

Question 34

golden age

Answer 34

pax romana

Question 35

emperor augustus

Answer 35

the emperor during pax romana

Question 36

the apennines' impact on development

Answer 36

less rugged, leading to fewer isolated communities

Question 37

effect of more farmable land than greece

Answer 37

supported a larger population

Question 38

how was rome’s location on the tiber river strategic

Answer 38

close to the sea for trade but far enough inland to avoid pirate attacks.

Question 39

what made rome easy to defend

Answer 39

the seven hills of rome

Question 40

what did romans do to the etruscan king

Answer 40

they overthrew him and established a roman republic where leaders were elected

Question 41

what was the roman military like

Answer 41

brave soldiers, persistent, strategic colonies - built fortified towns and roads to connect them, enabling quick troop movement.

Question 42

tribunes

Answer 42

officials that council of the plebs elected which empowered them politically and socially against the patrician class.

Question 43

battle of zama

Answer 43

rome defeated hannibal, and spain became a roman province

Question 44

tiberius and gaius gracchus

Answer 44

tried to address the crisis of landless poor by proposing land reforms to redistribute land from wealthy landowners to the landless. they got killed

Question 45

general marius

Answer 45

recruited soldiers from the urban and rural poor, promising them land in exchange for military service.

Question 46

sulla

Answer 46

- carried out a reign of terror, purging his enemies, and restored power to the Senate. - sulla's use of the army to seize power set a dangerous precedent for future leaders.

Question 47

who formed the first triumvirate

Answer 47

crassus, pompey, and julius caesar

Question 48

first triumvirate

Answer 48

an alliance to dominate roman politics

Question 49

what did the senate do because of their fear of caesar's growing power

Answer 49

assassinated him

Question 50

what did caesar introduce after being named dictator for life

Answer 50

he introduced reforms, including land redistribution, expanding the senate, and implementing the solar calendar

Question 51

why was the second triumvirate formed

Answer 51

after caesars death to avenge caesar and divide power

Question 52

who formed the second triumvirate

Answer 52

octavian, antony, and lepidus

Question 53

roman and greek culture blended creating

Answer 53

greco-roman civilizations

Question 54

triumvirate

Answer 54

a government led by three rulers with equal power.

Question 55

legion

Answer 55

a roman military unit consisting of about 5,000 soldiers.

Question 56

latifundia

Answer 56

large estates that dominated farming in the roman empire, often worked by slaves.

Question 57

roman values

Answer 57

- family/who you came from - pride - power + control

Question 58

peninsula

Answer 58

piece of land surrounded by water on three sides

Question 59

how much of the population was slaves

Answer 59

1/3

Question 60

what are the three social groups

Answer 60

patricians, plebeians, slaves

Question 61

non-romans who lived under their rule

Answer 61

subjects

Question 62

who did romans look down on

Answer 62

everyone because they were always winning

Question 63

roman religion

Answer 63

polytheistic

Question 64

freedmen

Answer 64

former slaves, not citizens

Question 65

roman provinces

Answer 65

territories controlled by rome outside italy

Question 66

first roman province acquired after the first punic war

Answer 66

sicily