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Anesthesiology Flashcards

(66 cards)

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1
Q

T or F: All local anesth. are weak bases

A

T

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2
Q

All local anesth. are synthetic except

A

Cocaine “Erythrocylon Coca”

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3
Q

All local anesth. are vasodilators except

A

Cocaine = Constriction

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4
Q

All local anesth are CNS, CVS depressant except?

A

Cocaine = stimulant -> sympathetics

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5
Q

Myelin sheath in CNS is produced by

A

OLIGODENDROCYTES

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6
Q

Myelin sheath in PNS is produced by

A

SCHWANN CELLS

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7
Q

if a patient is allergic to AMIDE and ESTER, administer:

A

1% Diphenhydramine

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8
Q

local anesth. Longest duration of action

A

BUPIVACAINE (Marcaine)

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9
Q

Anesth. used for patient with heart problems, hyperthyroid, vasoconstrictor is contraindicated

A

MEPIVACAINE (Carbocaine)
- vasoconstrictor: Levonordefrin

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10
Q

Amide with ester characteristic local anesth

A

Articaine (Septocaine)

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11
Q

most common adverse reaction of lidocaine (Xylocaine)

A

Syncope

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12
Q

1st management for syncope

A

Trendelenburg Position then Oxygen (O2)

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13
Q

local anesth that Causes ortho-tuludine -> methemoglobinemia

A

PRILOCAINE (Citanest)

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14
Q

Prilocaine metabolized in

A

Kidney and Lungs

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15
Q

Longest acting, longest duration, slow metabolism used for patients with trigeminal Neuralgia and contraindicated to pedo patient

A

BUPIVACAINE (Marcaine)

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16
Q

most potent vasodilator

A

PROCAINE (NOVOCAINE)

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17
Q

Duration of Local Anesth. Ultra-short acting

A

Procaine <30minutes

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18
Q

SHORT ACTING 45-75 minutes

A

2% Lidocaine with 1:100,000 Epinephrine

2% Mepivacaine with 1,20,000 Levonordefrin

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19
Q

Best topical Local Anesth.

A

Benzocaine
Tetracaine
Lidocaine

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20
Q

in a carpule of 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine, how many MG of Lidocaine and epinephrine would 1 carpule has?

A

2% Lidocaine: 36mg
1:100,000 Epinephrine: 0.018mg

ALWAYS REMEMBER! FORMER BOARDS.

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21
Q

Most commonly used syringe in dentistry

A

Metallic, Breach-loading, Aspirating

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22
Q

syringe forced through small openings

A

Jet injector

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23
Q

Most common area of breakage in needle

A

Hub

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24
Q

Adult IAN needle

A

G27 32MM Long needle

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25
Pedo IAN needle
G27 20mm short needle
26
Intraligamentary needle
G30 15mm ultra-short needle
27
Glass tube with 1-2mm bubbles is normal because of?
Nitrogen
28
Glass tube with 4mm of bubbles is not to be used because of?
OXYGEN or Oxidized/Expired
29
Antioxidant/Preservative of local anesth
Sodium Bisulfite
30
Preservative of developer and fixer in roent.
Sodium Sulfite
31
what is the mechanism of .2MG citric acid in local anesth?
Stabilizer
32
Vasoconstrictor to the body, prolongs the effect of local anesth.
Epinephrine
33
What is the effect of Epinephrine in the BODY?
VASOCONSTRICTOR
34
What is the effect of Epinephrine in Local Anesth?
PROLONGS THE EFFECT OF LA
35
most commonly used vasoconstrictor in dentistry?
EPINEPHRINE
36
Mepivacaine contains?
Levonordefrin
37
Maximum dose of Vasoconstrictors to Healthy patients?
0.2 mg, 11 Carpules!
38
Maximum dose of vasocons. to CV patients?
0.04mg, 2 Carpules!
39
Temporary loss of pain sensation in a particular part of the body
Regional Anesthesia
40
Target of topical anesthesia
Free nerve endings - sensory receptor for pain - present in PULP
41
Flooding the small terminal nerve endings
Local Infiltration "Paraperiosteal"
42
Close proximity to larger terminal nerve branches, common in maxillary. ASAN-MSAN-PSAN
Field block
43
Intraligamentary into the periodontal membrane space, common in children, complication of intraligamentary technique is?
Avulsion
44
technique into thin porous interseptal bone
Interseptal tech Osseous structure: INTRAOSSEOUS Into the pulp: INTRAPULPAL
45
ASAN blocking is common to cause
Ecchymosis REMEMBER!
46
PSAN blocking is common to cause
HEMATOMA remember please!
47
Penetrates posterior fiber of buccinator muscle / trumpeters muscle
PSAN!!! "TUBEROSITY BLOCK/ZYGOMATIC BLOCK"
48
Incisive papilla, central incisor landmark is
Nasopalatine nerve
49
nerve block for the extraction of 1st molar?
PSAN, MSAN, GREATER PAL/ANT. Pal. N.
50
most common location of mental foramen
Apical of mandibular 2nd PREMOLAR
51
most common supplemental blocking technique in mandible
Long buccal nerve technique
52
Highest degree of anesthetic failure
Standard/Classic IAN target: Near mandibular foramen location of needle: 6-10mm above occlusal plane. Depth: 20-25mm depth Bone Contact
53
Bone contact hit too soon, the tip of needle is located at?
Ant. of Ramus
54
No bone contact, the tip of needle is located at?
Parotid Gland - will suffer facial paralysis (CN 7)
55
True mandibular technique is also called
Gow-Gates technique - supine
56
common use for trismus, limited jaw opening, tmj prob.. Vazirani-akinosi technique also known as
Closed mouth technique - semi-supine position - most common cause of facial paralysis
57
most common cause of hyperventilation
Anxiety -> CARPOPEDAL SPASM
58
burning on injection is caused by
rapid injection
59
needle breakage is associated with this technique and 30 gauge needle
IAN technique most common breakage - HUB
60
trismus upon IAN blocking
Internal pterygoid muscle Infratemporal fossa - can cause trismus
61
prolonged anesthesia causes
Paresthesia - nerve trauma: IAN
62
Transient cerebral hypoxia is known as?
Syncope - most common cause of loss of consciousness in dental clinic
63
Carotid sinus syncope is common in?
Elderly
64
Most common type of syncope, triggered by dehydration, emotion, injection
Vasovagal Syncope/Reflex/Neurally Mediated
65
immediate management for syncope
Trendelenburg Position
66
Easiest to prevent complication
Needle breakage

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