Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

DMD > Musculatory System > Flashcards

Musculatory System Flashcards

(97 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Bundles are long with multinucleated cells and cross-striations, contraction is quick, forceful and voluntary.
Attached to the bone.

A

Skeletal Muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

End that remains fixed during contraction, proximal to the insertion in the limb

A

Origin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

End that moves during contraction

A

insertion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Benign tumor of skeletal muscle

A

Rhabdomyoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Malignant tumor of skeletal muscle, most common soft tissue sarcoma found in children, usually affects the head and neck region: orbit, nasal cavity and nasopharynx

A

Rhabdomyosarcoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

External sheath of dense irregular connective tissue that surrounds the entire muscle. Carries nerves, blood vessels and lymphatics of the muscle.

A

Epimysium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Thin connective tissue that surrounds a bundle of muscle fibers. Middle layer; covers fascicle. Makes up functional unit of muscle.

A

Perimysium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Thin delicate layer of reticular fibers and scattered fibroblasts. Surrounds individual muscle fiber myofibril. capillaries form a rich network bringing oxygen into muscle.

Innermost; covers muscle cells or muscle fiber.

A

Endomysium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Functional/contractile unit of muscle; extends from z disc to another z disc

A

Sarcomere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Birefringent in polarized light “Anisotropic”, also known as “Dark Band”

A

A Bands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

do not alter polarized light “Isortropic”, also known as “Light band”

A

I Band

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Separates cone sarcomere to another; attachment site for thin filaments

A

Z Discs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Contains thick filaments but no thin filaments

A

H zone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Cell membrane or plasma membrane of the muscle, myofibril

A

Sarcolemma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Invaginations or infoldings on the sarcolemma. Perpendicular sarcolemma

A

Transverse tubules or T Tubules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Membranous smooth endoplasmic reticulum of skeletal muscle; Storage for calcium ions.

A

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

Dilated end sacks of SR: Terminal Cisternae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Space between the Ach and the nicotinic receptorm forms a

A

Synaptic Cleft or Neruromuscular Junction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Smallest skeletal muscle

A

Stapedium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Smallest muscle

A

Arrector Pili

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Skeletal muscles in the human body

A

650

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

autoimmune condition that antibodies block the nicotinic receptor preventing depolarization, affects extraocular muscles and eyelids first.

A

Myasthenia Gravis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Loss of power or movement, inability to contract. Damage to motor neural pathwats or inherent disease

A

Paralysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Damage to the upper motor neuron, exaggerated tendon jerks

A

Spastic Paralysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Damage to the lower motor neuron, affects NMJ, loss of tendon jerks.

A

Flaccid Paralysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Decreased angle between two body segments, movement to the coronal plane
Flexion
26
Increased angle between two body segments, movement away from the coronal plane
Extension
27
Movement away from the midline, sagittal plane
Abduction
28
Movement towards the midline, sagittal plane.
Adduction
29
Turns the bone outward
Lateral rotation
30
Turns the bone inward
Medial rotation
31
Combination of flexion, abduction, extension and adduction. Movement at the end of the bone in a circular motion
Circumduction
32
Raised to more superior level
Elevation
33
Pulling to a more inferior position
Depression
34
Allows a forward movement
Protraction
35
Allows a backward movement
Retraction
36
Acts to draw the eyebrows together, creating vertical wrinkles on the bridge of the nose
Corrugator Supercili
37
Contraction of this muscle pulls the eyebrows downward to produce transverse wrinkles over the nose
Procerus
38
pulls the cheek inwards against the teeth, preventing accumulation of food in that area.
Buccinator
39
Muscle of facial expressions are developed from the __ pharyngeal arch.
2nd
40
Muscle of facial expressions are supplied by the ____ nerve
Facial
41
muscle for whistling
Buccinator
42
Muscle that closes the eye
Orbicularis Oculi
43
muscle that elevates the upper lip
levator labi superioris
44
Origin of masseter
Zygomatic arch
45
Origin of temporalis
Temporal Fossa
46
Tensor veli palatini is innervated by
Trigeminal Nerve
47
Levator veli palatini, Palatoglossus, Palatopharyngeus, uvula is innvervated by
Vagus and accessory nerve
48
Raises soft palate
Levator veli palatini
49
Shuts off nasopharynx during second stage of swallowing
Palatopharyngeus
50
Raises back of tongue during the first stage of swallowing
Palatoglossus
51
Stylopharyngeus is innervated by
Glossopharyngeal Nerve
52
Platysma is innervated by
CN VII
53
Wrinkles the skin of the neck. Superficial fascia, only muscle innervated by the cervical branch of the facial nerve
Platysma
54
Turns the head to the opposite side, flexes neck to the same side.
Sternocleidomastoid
55
"Shrugs Shoulders" Elevated scapula, extension of the head and neck.
Trapezius
56
Elevates the 1st and 2nd rib
Scalene Muscles
57
helps in shrugs muscles
Levator Scapulae
58
Infrahyoid muscles is innervated by
Cervical Plexus "Ansa Cervicalis" C1-C3
59
Only infrahyoid muscle that innervates by C1 via hypoglossal nerve.
Thyrohyoid
60
Contraction is involuntary, vigorous and rhythmic, possess cross-striations and branched cells.
Cardiac Muscle
61
Contractions are slow and involuntary, consists of collections of fusiform cells that lack striations
Smooth Muscle
62
Benign tumor of smooth muscle, most common tumor found in women, usually affects the uterus.
Leiomyoma
63
the platysma is supplied by a branch of which of the following cranial nerves? A. V B. VII C. IX D. X
A. V - Muscles of mastication Answer: B. VII C. IX - Pharyngeal Muscles D. X - Muscles of soft palate, except: Tensor veli palatini
64
In placing a film for a periapical view of mandibular molars, relaxation of which of the following muscles would aid most?
Mylohyoid
65
Food may lodge in the oral vestibule if _____ muscle is paralyzed
Buccinator
66
Which of the following muscles is supplied by the facial nerve? A. Anterior belly of the digastric B. Mylohyoid C. Mentalis D. Hyoglossus
A. Anterior belly of the digastric - V B. Mylohyoid - V ANSWER: C. Mentalis D. Hyoglossus - XII
67
the infrahyoid muscles receive their motor innervation from
Branches of the cervical plexus: C1-C3 "Ansa Cervicalis"
68
The prime muscle in retracting and elevating the mandible is the
TEMPORALIS Masseter - Only elevation Digastric - Depressing Mylohyoid - Depressing Lateral Pterygoid - Main depressor and protruding.
69
the mandible pharyngeal constrictor origin to the
Hyoid bone
70
the muscle whose tendon loops around the pterygoid hamulus is the
Tensor veli palatini
71
the skeletal muscle, a triad consist of
Terminal Cisternae and a fingerlike invagination of the sarcolemma "T-tubule" (2)
72
the medial pterygoid muscle (Internal) is attached to the
Medial surface of the lateral pterygoid plate.
73
Muscle serves as the prime extensor of the forearm
Triceps bronchii
74
muscle of the soft palate that is not supplied by the pharyngeal plexus
Tensor veli palatini
75
Peripherally located nuclei are found in types of adult muscle cells?
Skeletal Only
76
the two muscles which use the pterygomandibular raphe for part of their attachment receive their innervation from the (Buccinator and superior pharyngeal constrictor)
Facial and Vagus nerve
77
The insertion of the lateral pterygoid muscle is into the
Articular disc of the temporomandibular and mandibular neck (Articular disc & Condyle)
78
a muscle that act to protrude the mandible is the
Lateral Pterygoid
79
The tendon of the tensor veli palatini muscle curve around the
Pterygoid hamulus
80
The palatine tonsil lies between arched formed by the
Palatoglossus and palatopharyngeus muscles
81
The mylohyoid muscle functions to
Raise the floor of the mouth
82
Depress the hyoid bone
Infrahyoid muscle
83
Prevent food from entering the larynx
Epiglottis
84
Approximate faucial pillars
Pharyngeal muscles
85
When a patient attempts protrusion, the mandible deviates markedly to the right. The muscle that is unable to contract is the: a. Right lateral pterygoid b. left lateral pterygoid
A. Right lateral pterygoid Mandibular Movement 1. Protrusion/Depression -> Mandibular deviation -> Weaker side or injured side -> Muscle of the same side. 2. Lateral excursion -> inability to move the mandible to one side. -> muscle of the opposite side. Left lateral pterygoid - when Lateral excursion, inability to move to the right.
86
Protrusion of the tip of the tongue beyond the opening of the oral cavity is accomplished primarily by the
Genioglossus muscle
87
The posterior belly of the digastric muscle is supplied by
Facial nerve Anterior belly: Trigeminal Nerve
88
Local autoregulation of blood flow in skeletal muscle is determined chiefly by
Muscle metabolites
89
should not be administered to a patient with myasthenia gravis
Curare DOC: Prostigmine
90
All of the longitudinal muscles of the pharynx are innervated by the vagus nerve via the pharyngeal plexus except? A. Stylopharyngeus B. Palatopharyngeus C. Salpinopharyngeus
Stylopharyngeus - Glossopharyngeal nerve
91
Functional unit of the skeletal muscle
Sarcomere
92
Which muscle separates the anterior cervical triangle from the posterior cervical triangle? a. Trapezius b. Omohyoid c. Mylohyoid d. Sternocleidomastoid
D. Sternocleidomastoid
93
Which muscle, when penetrated during an IAN injection, may cause jaw pain and inability to open one's mouth?
Medial Pterygoid
94
All muscles of mastication are innervated by
Mandibular division or trigeminal nerve
95
The connective tissue layer surrounding each individual muscle fiber is called the
Endomysium
96
Involuntary movements of internal organs such as peristalsis are produced by which type of muscle tissue?
Smooth muscle tissue
97
Name the molecule that lies along the surface of F-actin and physically covers actin binding sites during the resting state
Tropomyosin

DMD (24 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions