Antibiotics

Question 1

What class does Amoxicillin belong to?

Answer 1

Beta-lactam antibiotic (Penicillin)

Question 2

What is the mechanism of action of Amoxicillin?

Answer 2

Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), leading to cell lysis.

Question 3

What are the indications for Amoxicillin?

Answer 3

Respiratory tract infections, otitis media, sinusitis, urinary tract infections (UTIs), and skin infections.

Question 4

What class does Cefuroxime belong to?

Answer 4

Cephalosporin (2nd generation)

Question 5

What is the mechanism of action of Cefuroxime?

Answer 5

Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to PBPs, causing cell death.

Question 6

What are the indications for Cefuroxime?

Answer 6

Respiratory tract infections, otitis media, UTIs

Question 7

What class does Benzylpenicillin belong to?

Answer 7

Beta-lactam antibiotic (Penicillin)

Question 8

What is the mechanism of action of Benzylpenicillin?

Answer 8

Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis, leading to bacterial lysis.

Question 9

What are the indications for Benzylpenicillin?

Answer 9

Streptococcal infections, syphilis, bacterial endocarditis, and meningitis.

Question 10

What class does Oxytetracycline belong to?

Answer 10

Tetracycline antibiotic

Question 11

What is the mechanism of action of Oxytetracycline?

Answer 11

Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit, preventing tRNA attachment.

Question 12

What are the indications for Oxytetracycline?

Answer 12

Acne, respiratory tract infections, chlamydia,

Question 13

What class does Erythromycin belong to?

Answer 13

Macrolide antibiotic

Question 14

What is the mechanism of action of Erythromycin?

Answer 14

Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit, blocking elongation of the peptide chain.

Question 15

What are the indications for Erythromycin?

Answer 15

Respiratory infections, pertussis, chlamydia

Question 16

What class does Gentamicin belong to?

Answer 16

Aminoglycoside antibiotic

Question 17

What is the mechanism of action of Gentamicin?

Answer 17

Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit, causing misreading of mRNA.

Question 18

What are the indications for Gentamicin?

Answer 18

Severe gram-negative infections, sepsis, endocarditis

Question 19

What class does Rifampicin belong to?

Answer 19

Rifamycin antibiotic

Question 20

What is the mechanism of action of Rifampicin?

Answer 20

Inhibits bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, preventing transcription.

Question 21

What are the indications for Rifampicin?

Answer 21

Tuberculosis (TB)

Question 22

What class does Trimethoprim belong to?

Answer 22

Antifolate antibiotic

Question 23

What is the mechanism of action of Trimethoprim?

Answer 23

Inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, blocking folate synthesis required for bacterial DNA replication.

Question 24

What are the indications for Trimethoprim?

Answer 24

Urinary tract infections, respiratory infections,

Question 25

What class does Sulfamethoxazole belong to?

Answer 25

Sulfonamide antibiotic

Question 26

What is the mechanism of action of Sulfamethoxazole?

Answer 26

Inhibits dihydropteroate synthase, interfering with folic acid synthesis. Often used in combination with trimethoprim (as co-trimoxazole).

Question 27

What are the indications for Sulfamethoxazole?

Answer 27

Urinary tract infections, respiratory infections,

Question 28

What class does Vancomycin belong to?

Answer 28

Glycopeptide antibiotic

Question 29

What is the mechanism of action of Vancomycin?

Answer 29

Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to D-Ala-D-Ala terminal of peptidoglycan precursors.

Question 30

What are the indications for Vancomycin?

Answer 30

MRSA infections, Clostridium difficile colitis (oral form), and serious gram-positive infections.

Question 31

What class does Colistin belong to?

Answer 31

Polymyxin antibiotic

Question 32

What is the mechanism of action of Colistin?

Answer 32

Disrupts bacterial cell membranes by interacting with phospholipids, leading to leakage of cellular contents.

Question 33

What are the indications for Colistin?

Answer 33

Multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacterial infections, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii.

Question 34

What class does Ciprofloxacin belong to?

Answer 34

Fluoroquinolone antibiotic

Question 35

What is the mechanism of action of Ciprofloxacin?

Answer 35

Inhibits DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, preventing bacterial DNA replication.

Question 36

What are the indications for Ciprofloxacin?

Answer 36

Urinary tract infections, bacterial gastroenteritis, respiratory infections,

Question 37

What class does Fusidic Acid belong to?

Answer 37

Steroid-like antibiotic

Question 38

What is the mechanism of action of Fusidic Acid?

Answer 38

Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by interfering with elongation factor G (EF-G).

Question 39

What are the indications for Fusidic Acid?

Answer 39

Staphylococcal infections, including MRSA skin infections and osteomyelitis.