Cubital Fossa

Question 1

What forms the floor of the cubital fossa?

Answer 1

Brachialis muscle.

Question 2

What forms the roof of the cubital fossa?

Answer 2

Skin and superficial fascia.

Question 3

What are the clinical uses of the cubital fossa?

Answer 3

Venepuncture, blood pressure measurement, arterial access, assessing elbow fractures, and nerve injury.

Question 4

What are the two main compartments of the forearm?

Answer 4

Anterior (flexor) and posterior (extensor) compartments.

Question 5

What are the three layers of the anterior compartment muscles?

Answer 5

Superficial, middle, and deep layers.

Question 6

Muscles of the superficial layer of the anterior compartment?

Answer 6

pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor carpi ulnaris

Question 7

Name a superficial flexor muscle that assists in wrist flexion.

Answer 7

Flexor carpi radialis.

Question 8

What is the main muscle in the middle layer of the anterior compartment?

Answer 8

Flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS).

Question 9

Where do the deep layer muscles of the anterior forearm originate?

Answer 9

From the forearm bones and interosseous membrane.

Question 10

Name a deep anterior forearm muscle.

Answer 10

Flexor digitorum profundus (FDP).

Question 11

What nerve primarily innervates the anterior forearm compartment?

Answer 11

Median nerve.

Question 12

Which nerve supplies the medial part of the flexor digitorum profundus?

Answer 12

Ulnar nerve.

Question 14

What nerve passes through the carpal tunnel?

Answer 14

Median nerve.

Question 15

What nerve innervates all muscles in the posterior compartment of the forearm?

Answer 15

Radial nerve.

Question 16

Name a key muscle in the posterior compartment responsible for finger extension.

Answer 16

Extensor digitorum.

Question 17

What is the anatomical snuff box?

Answer 17

A triangular depression on the lateral aspect of the wrist formed by tendons of extensor pollicis longus and brevis.

Question 18

What important bone lies in the floor of the anatomical snuff box?

Answer 18

Scaphoid bone.

Question 19

What artery runs through the anatomical snuff box?

Answer 19

Radial artery.

Question 20

What joint does flexor digitorum profundus act on?

Answer 20

Distal interphalangeal joint (DIP).

Question 21

What joint does flexor digitorum superficialis act on?

Answer 21

Proximal interphalangeal joint (PIP).

Question 22

What muscles contribute to wrist flexion?

Answer 22

All flexors crossing the wrist (e.g., FCR, FCU).

Question 23

What muscles contribute to wrist extension?

Answer 23

All extensors crossing the wrist (e.g., ECR, ECU).

Question 24

What muscles cause abduction (radial deviation) at the wrist?

Answer 24

Radial flexors and extensors (FCR, ECR).

Question 25

What muscles cause adduction (ulnar deviation)?

Answer 25

Ulnar flexors and extensors (FCU, ECU).

Question 26

Which two muscles perform pronation of the forearm?

Answer 26

Pronator teres and pronator quadratus.

Question 27

How does pronation work mechanically?

Answer 27

The radius is pulled over the ulna.

Question 28

Which muscles are responsible for supination?

Answer 28

Supinator and biceps brachii.

Question 29

Where does the biceps tendon insert to assist in supination?

Answer 29

On the radial tuberosity of the radius.

Question 30

What is "pulled elbow" (nursemaid’s elbow)?

Answer 30

Subluxation of the radial head from the annular ligament, often in children.

Question 31

What ligaments stabilise the elbow joint?

Answer 31

Ulnar collateral ligament, radial collateral ligament, annular ligament.