Antifungal Drugs

Question 1

How many cells is yeast considered?

Answer 1

Unicellular

Question 2

How many cells is mold considered?

Answer 2

Multicellular

Question 3

Where is fungi found(3)?

Answer 3

Soil
Air
Contaminated food

Question 4

What is mycosis?

Answer 4

An infection or disease caused by a fungus

Question 5

What are the 3 different types of mycosis infections?

Answer 5

Systemic
Dermatophytic
Candida albicans

Question 6

What types of fungus cause systemic infection(5)?

Answer 6

Candida
Aspergillis 
Coccidiomycosis
Histoplasmosis
Blastomyces

Question 7

What fungus causes a dermatophytic infection?

Answer 7

Tinea

Question 8

What parts of the body does systemic fungal infections effect? Where are they commonly found?

Answer 8

Blood
Bones
Lungs

Hospitals

Question 9

What type of pts are susceptible to systemic fungal infection?

Answer 9

Neutropenia pts
AIDS pts
Pts in ICU

Question 10

Why are neutropenia pts at risk of fungal infections?

Answer 10

You need neutrophils to fight off fungus

Question 11

What parts of the body do dermatophytic infections effect? What system?

Answer 11

Hair
Nails
Skin

Integumentary system

Question 12

What is the most common type of fungal infection? Most annoying?

Answer 12

Dermatophytic

Dermatophytic

Question 13

What are the Sx of a dermatophytic infection(5)?

Answer 13

Itching
Scaling
Inflammation
Blisters
Broken skin

Question 14

What species of fungus causes dermatophytic infections?

Answer 14

Tinea species

Question 15

What does tinea capitis effect/cause?

Answer 15

Scalp

Question 16

What does tinea pedis cause/effect?

Answer 16

Athletes foot

Question 17

What does tinea cruris effect/cause?

Answer 17

Jock itch

Question 18

What does tinea unguium cause/effect?

Answer 18

Toe nail fungus

Question 19

What does tinea corporis causes/effect?

Answer 19

Ring worm

Question 20

What is onychomycosis?

Answer 20

Nail fungus

Question 21

What is the ADR of terbinafine(Lamisil)?

Answer 21

Increased ALT and AST

Question 22

What type of infections can candida albicans infection cause?

Answer 22

Yeast infection

Thrush

Question 23

What is thrush?

Answer 23

Candida infection of mouth or pharynx

Question 24

What locations can Candida albicans cause an infection(3)?

Answer 24

Mouth
GI
Urinary tract

Question 25

What are the major classes of antifungal drugs?

Answer 25

``` Apples Echinocandins Griseofulvin Polyenes Terbinafine ```

Question 26

What are the 2 classes of Polyene drugs?

Answer 26

Amphotercin B | Nystatin

Question 27

What type of drugs is the 1st line of therapy for systemic fungal infections? What is it used in combo w/

Answer 27

Polyene-amphotercin B Used in combo w azole

Question 28

What are the ADR of amphotercin B(3)? Route?

Answer 28

Infusion Rx Nephrotoxic Lose K+ and Mg+ IV

Question 29

What are the Sx of infusion Rx to pushing amphotercin B too fast?

Answer 29

Fever Chills N/V

Question 30

What is nystatin(mycostatin)? Route? Indication?

Answer 30

Polyenes Topical Intestinal candidiasis Oropharyngeal thrush Vaginal candidiasis Intertriginous candidiasis

Question 31

What is intertriginous candidiasis?

Answer 31

Fungus forming under fat

Question 32

What is the MOA of polyenes? What part of fungus does it effect?

Answer 32

Double Carbon bond of drug orients itself in plasma membrane and forms a pore in fungal membrane...thus causing lysis Cell membrane

Question 33

What do echinocandins end in?

Answer 33

-fungin

Question 34

What is anidulafungin(Eraxis)? Indications? Contraindication? Route?

Answer 34

Echinocandins Candida Aspergillis Pregnant IV

Question 35

What is caspofungin(cancidas)? Indication? Contraindication? Route?

Answer 35

Echinocandins Candida Aspergillis Pregnant IV

Question 36

What is micafungin(Mycamine)? Indication? Contraindication? Route?

Answer 36

Echinocandins Candida Aspergillis Pregnant IV

Question 37

What is aspergillis mostly associated w/?

Answer 37

TB | COPD

Question 38

What is the MOA of echinocandins?

Answer 38

Drugs inhibits beta 1,3 glucan synthase to prevent production of cell wall

Question 39

What is griseofulvin(Gris-Peg) indicated for? MOA? Contraindication? What increases absorption?

Answer 39

Dermatophytic/tinea infections Binds to keratin to prevent the cells from making tubulin which is needed for mitosis Pregnant Increase fat consumption

Question 40

What do azole drugs end in?

Answer 40

-azole

Question 41

What is the MOA of azoles? spectrum of activity for azoles? Indications?

Answer 41

Inhibits 14alpha-demethylase to prevent fungus from making ergosterol Wide spectrum Systemic infections Candidiasis infections

Question 42

What is clotrimazole(Gyne-Lotrimin,Mycelex)?

Answer 42

Azole

Question 43

What is ketoconazole(Nizoral)?

Answer 43

Azole

Question 44

What is fluconazole(Diflucan)?

Answer 44

Azole

Question 45

What is itraconazole(Sporanox)?

Answer 45

Azole

Question 46

What is posaconazole(Noxafil)?

Answer 46

Azole

Question 47

What is isavuconazole(Cresemba)?

Answer 47

Azole

Question 48

What is needed to make a cell membrane?

Answer 48

Egosterol

Question 49

What is the MOA of Terbinafine(Lamisil)?

Answer 49

Squalene epoxidase inhibitor

Question 50

What is the DOC for onychomycoses? Route?

Answer 50

Terbinafine(Lamisil) PO

Question 51

What drugs effect ergosterol production and cell membrane? Cell wall? Keratin?

Answer 51

Polyenes Terbinafine Azoles Echinocandins Griseofulvin