Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Pharmacology > CNS depressants and muscle relaxersTest 1 > Flashcards

CNS depressants and muscle relaxersTest 1 Flashcards

(58 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What drugs bring about calm feelings?

A

Anxiolytics (anti-anxiety drugs)

Tranquilizers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What drugs decrease a desire for physical activity?

A

Sedatives

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What drugs put you to sleep?

A

Hypnotics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is REM rebound?

A

the lengthening and increasing frequency and depth of rapid eye movement sleep which occurs after periods of sleep deprivation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What do Benzodiazepines drugs end in?

A

-am

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are benzodiazepines commonly referred to as?

A

Anti-anxiety drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How do benzodiazepines work as an anti anxiety medication?

A

Inhibit the limbic system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How do benzodiazepines work as a hypnotic?

A

Inhibit the RAS (reticular activating system)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How do benzodiazepines act as a muscle relaxer?

A

Inhibit signals in the spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How does benzodiazepines work as an anticonvulsant?

A

Inhibit action potentials in the cerebral cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How does benzodiazepines help with alcohol withdrawal?

A

Decreases muscle tremors and seizures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is Midazolam(Versed)? What is it used for?

A

Conscious sedation for kids before procedure or dentist apt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is flurazepam(Dalmane)? How long does it act for? What is an ADR?

A

Benzodiazepine

Long acting

ADR: next day drowsiness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is temazepam(Restoril)? How long does it last? What is a ADR?

A

Benzodiazepine

Intermediate lasting

No ADR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is triazolam(Halcion)? How long does it last? How long does it take to onset? what is an ADR?

A

Benzodiazepine

Short

Quick onset

ADR: early morning awakenings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the MOA for benzodiazepine on Cl- channels on neurons?

A

They keep Cl- channels open longer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What effect do Benzodiazepines have on the sleep cycle?

A

Mess with REM and NREM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What pregnancy category are benzodiazepines considered? What birth defects can they cause?

A

D and X category

-cleft palates and floppy infant syndromes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Do benzodiazepines have a ceiling effect? What does that mean?

A

Yes they do have a ceiling effect

This means that they cannot kill someone or be used as a lethal dose. Increasing dose does not lower CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is somnolence?

A

Tiredness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the 4 effects of benzodiazepines overdosage (ADR)?

A

Somnolence
Confusion
Coma
Diminished reflexes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Contraindications of benzodiazepines?

A

Hypotension
Respiratory depression
Using with other CNS depressants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is flumazenil(Romazicon)? What is it used for?

A

Antidote for benzodiazepines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is zolpidem(Ambien)? What does taking it cause?

Study These Flashcards
A

DOC hypnotic

Causes increase somnambulism and anterograde amnesia

25
What is somnambulism?
Sleep walking
26
What is anterograde amnesia?
Can’t make new memories
27
What is zaleplon(Sonata)? How quick or slow does it act?
Miscellaneous hypnotic Short acting
28
What is eszopiclone(Lunesta)?
Miscellaneous hypnotic
29
What do hypnotics cause? Why are the beneficial?
Sleep Less addictive and don’t disrupt sleep cycles
30
What is released from your brain when it gets dark?
Melatonin
31
What does melatonin OTC cause? (3)
Sleep onset Antioxidant Delays puberty
32
What is ramelteon(Rozerem)?
Synthetic melatonin (melatonin agonist)
33
What class of drug is a barbiturate?
CNS depressant
34
What does a low dose of barbiturates considered?
GABA-hypnotic
35
What does a high dose barbiturate considered?
General anesthesia
36
What is phenobarbital(luminal)? How long does it last? what are the ADR?
Barbiturate Long acting Causes next day drowsiness
37
What is pentobarbital(Nembutal)? How long does it last? what is it used for?
Barbiturate Intermediate acting Used for lethal injection and seizures
38
What is secobarbital(Seconal)? How long does it last? what is it used for?
Barbiturate Short acting Can’t fall asleep
39
True or false? barbiturates interfere with NREM and REM?
True
40
If barbiturates as discontinued what can happen?
REM rebound that can cause nightmares
41
What happens to enzymes with barbiturates?
Enzyme induction which causes increased tolerance
42
What are the ADR of barbiturates?
No ceiling effect Interrupt sleep cycles Paradoxical excitement
43
What is paradoxical excitement?
Increased anxiety
44
What is doxylamine(Unisom)?
OTC hypnotic and antihistamine
45
What is Diphenhydramine(Sominex)?
OTC hypnotic and antihistamine
46
What is acteminophen(extra strength tylenol)?
OTC hypnotic and antihistamine
47
What is java and valerian root considered?
Hypotics
48
For a hypnotic to be effective how much time before should it be given before bed?
30-60
49
Why should benzodiazepines be used with caution on older adults?
Because they cause REM interference
50
What should it avoid while taking CNS depressant?
Alcohol and other CNS depressants
51
What are the indications for muscle relaxants?
Muscle spasms Multiple sclerosis Cerebral palsy
52
What is dantrolene(Dantrium? What it’s MOA? Indications? ADR?
Muscle relaxant Blocks RyR1 receptors MS, cerebral palsy, spinal cord injuries and malignant hyperthermia Hepatotoxicity
53
What is tizanidine(Zanaflex)? What is it the DOC for? MOA?
Muscle relaxer DOC for MS Stimulates alpha receptors on UMN to stop release of NE and glutamate
54
What is baclofen(Lisoresal)? Used a DOC for? MOA?
Muscle relaxer DOC for spinal injuries Stimulate GABA-B receptors on LMN to increase K+ permeability. Also stimulates GABA-B receptors on UMN to decrease release of NE and Glutamate
55
What is diazepam(Valium)? What class of drug is it? MOA?
Muscle relaxer Benzodiazepine Stimulates GABA-A on LMN to increase Cl- permeability
56
What are the drugs for local muscle spams?
``` Orphenadrine(Norflex) Chlrozoxazone(Parafon Forte) Cyclebezaprine(Flexeril) Carisoprodol(soma) Metaxalone(Skelaxin) ``` A ORPHAN didn’t want to CHLean his laundry so he had to decide whether he wanted to do a Cycle, take a Car or Met A Taxi
57
Where do local muscle relaxers work?
Act in brainstem
58
What are the ADR of muscle relaxers?
``` Euphoria Lightheaded Dizziness Weakness Drowsiness Fatigue ``` Elyse Lits Dad While Doing Flips

Pharmacology (27 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions