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Test 4 Drugs Flashcards

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1
Q

What is clopidogrel(Plavix)?what receptor does it work against?

A

P2Y12 antagonist

ADP receptor

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2
Q

What is abciximab(Reopro)? What receptor does it work against?

A

GP2b/3a antagonist

Fibrinogen receptor

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3
Q

What is enoxaparin(Lovenox)? Route and time to take it?

A

LMWH

SC BID

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4
Q

What is dalteparin(Fragmin)?

A

LMWH

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5
Q

What is Protamine sulfate? Which type of drugs can it be used on? MOA?

A

Heparin antidote

Used for heparin and LMWH

binds to heparin to go to kidneys and be excreted

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6
Q

What is warfarin(Coumadin)? Route? How many days must you discontinue it before going into surgery?

A

Coumarin/vitamin K antagonist

Oral

Discontinue 3-5 days before surgery

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7
Q

What is rivaroxaban(Xarelto)? Route? Time taken during the day?

A

Direct factor 10a inhibitors

Oral

Once daily

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8
Q

What is apixaban(Eliquis)? Route? Time taking during the day?

A

Direct factor 10a inhibitors

Oral

BID

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9
Q

What is edoxaban(Savaysa)? Route?

A

Direct factor 10a inhibitors

Oral

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10
Q

What is fondaparinux(Arixtra)? Route?

A

Direct factor 10a inhibitor

SC

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11
Q

What is dabigatran(Pradaxa)? Route? What time is it taken?

A

Direct thrombin inhibitor

Oral

BID

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12
Q

What is argatroban(Argatroban)? Route? What is it specifically used for?

A

Direct thrombin inhibitor

IV

HIT

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13
Q

What is lepirudin(Refludan)? Route?

A

Direct thrombin inhibitors

IV

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14
Q

What is praxbind(Idarucizumab)?

A

Antidote for direct thrombin inhibitor

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15
Q

What is streptokinase(Streptase)? Route?

A

Fibrinolytic

IV

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16
Q

What is urokinase(Abbokinase)? Route?

A

Fibrinolytic

IV

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17
Q

What is alteplase(Activase)? What is it also called? Route?

A

Fibrinolytic

rtPA

IV

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18
Q

What is reteplase(Retavase)? Route?

A

Fibrinolytics

IV

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19
Q

What is tenecteplase(TNKase)? Route?

A

Fibrinolytics

IV

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20
Q

What is lomitapide(Juxtapid)? Route? MOA?

A

MTP(microsomal triglyceride transfer protein)

Oral

Prevents assembly of chylomicrons and VLDL

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21
Q

What is Mipomersen(Kynamro)? Route and time? MOA?

A

APO B100 inhibitor

SC once/week

Inhibits APO B100 synthesis so liver can’t make VLDLs

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22
Q

What is alirocumab(Praluent)? Route and time? MOA?

A

PCSK9 inhibitors

SC once/2wks

Blocks PCSK9 which breaks down LDL receptors on the liver

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23
Q

What does PCSK9 do?

A

Breaks down LDL receptors on the liver to prevent LDL absorption into the liver

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24
Q

What is evalocumab(Repatha)? Route and time? MOA?

A

PCSK9 inhibitors

SC once/2wks

Blocks PCSK9 which breaks down LDL receptors on liver

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25
What is rosuvastatin(Crestor)? MOA? How does it effect levels?
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (Statins) Prevents cholesterol production Decreases LDL, VLDL and TG Increases HDL
26
What is atrovastatin(Lipitor)? MOA? How does it effect levels?
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (Statins) Prevents cholesterol production Decreases LDL, VLDL and TG Increases HDL
27
What is simvastatin(Zocor)? MOA? How does it effect levels?
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (Statins) Prevents cholesterol production Decreases LDL, VLDL and TG Increases HDL
28
What inhibits the break down of statins? How?
Grapefruit Both compete for the same enzyme to be broken down by in the liver
29
What is ezetimibe(Zetia)? MOA? What is unique about the drug? How many side effects?
Cholesterol absorption inhibitors Blocks NPC1L1 transporter which blocks the absorption of cholesterol on the brush border of Small intestine Stays in enterohepatic circulation Few side effects
30
What is cholestyramine(Questran)? MOA? Indication?
Bile acid sequestrants Binds to bile acid to excrete bile from the body, thus causing an increase in bile production to use more cholesterol IBS-D
31
What is colesevelam(Wechol)? MOA?
Bile acid sequestrants Binds to bile acid to excrete bile from the body, thus causing an increase in bile production to use more cholesterol
32
What is colestipol(Colestid)? MOA?
Bile acid sequestrants Binds to bile acid to excrete bile from the body, thus causing an increase in bile production to use more cholesterol
33
What is niacin(Niaspan, Niacor)? MOA? What levels does it lower and increase?
Nicotinic acid Inhibits cholesterol production in liver Lowers LDL and TG increases HDL
34
What is gemfibrozil(Lopid)? MOA? What levels does it increase or decrease?
Fibric acid derivatives Decreases triglyceride production Lowers LDL Increases HDL
35
What is fenofibrate(Tricor)? MOA? What levels does it increase or decrease?
Fibric acid derivatives Decreases triglyceride production Lowers LDL Increases HDL
36
What is icosapentyl ethyl(Vascepa)? Indication? ADR?
Omega 3 fatty acid/purified EPA Hypertriglyceridemia Risk of bleeding
37
What do heparin drugs end in?
-parin
38
What do direct factor 10a inhibitors that are given orally end in?
-xaban
39
What do fibrinolytics end in?
-kinase Or -teplase
40
What is albuterol(Ventolin)?
SABA
41
What is levalbuterol(Xopenex)?
SABA
42
What is pirbuterol(Maxair)?
SABA
43
What is terbutaline(Brethine)?
SABA
44
What is metaproterenol(alupent)?
SABA
45
What is arformoterol(Brovana)?
LABA
46
What is formoterol(Foradil, Perforomist)?
LABA
47
What is salmeterol(Serevent)?
LABA
48
What is indacterol(Arcapta Neohaler)?
LABA
49
What is vilanterol?
LABA
50
What is the trade name of vilanterol w/ fluticasone? What about vilanterol w/ umeclidinium? What drugs are they considered?
Breo Ellipta Anoro Ellipta Vilanterol= LABA fluticasone=ICS umeclidinium= Anticholinergic
51
What is theophylline(Theo-Dur)? Route?
Methylxanthines Oral
52
What is aminophylline? Route? Indication?
Methylxanthines IV acute asthma attack
53
What is caffeine considered when trying to help w/ asthma? What is it’s MOA?
Methylxanthines Dilates SM
54
What can be caused if theophylline(Theo-Dur) is administered too fast?
Dizzy Facial flushing HoTN decreased BP
55
What is ipratropium? MOA? Indication? Why doesn’t it cross membranes?
Anticholinergic Decreases secretions COPD Because it’s a Quaternary compound
56
What is tiotropium(Spiriva)? MOA? Indication? Why doesn’t it cross membranes?
Anticholinergic Decreases secretions COPD Because it’s a Quaternary compound
57
What is aclidinium(Tudorza)? MOA? Indications? Why doesn’t it cross membranes?
Anticholinergic Decreases secretions COPD Because it’s a Quaternary compound
58
What do SABA and LABAs end in? Which medication is the exception?
-ol Terbutaline(Brethine)=SABA
59
What do methylxanthines end in?
-phylline
60
What do anticholinergics end in?
-tropium or -clidinium
61
What do ICS end in?
-one or -ide
62
What is beclomethasone dipropionate(Beclovent)? Route? Indication?
ICS MDI COPD
63
What is budesonide(Pulmicort turbuhaler)? Route? Indication?
ICS MDI COPD
64
What is dexamethasone sodium phosphate (decadron phosphate respihaler)? MOA? Indications?
ICS MDI COPD
65
What is flunisolide(AreoBid)? MOA? Indications?
ICS MDI COPD
66
What is fluticasone(Flovent)? MOA? Indications?
ICS MDI COPD
67
What is triamcinolone acetonide(Azmacort)? MOA? Indications?
ICS MDI COPD
68
What is ciclesonide(Omnaris)? MOA? indications?
ICS MDI COPD
69
What is zileuton(Zyflo)? Route? Prophylactic or Tx of asthmatic attack?
5-lipoxygenase inhibitor Prophylactically
70
What do LTRAs end in?
-lukast
71
What is zafirlukast(Accolate)? Route?
LTRA oral
72
What is montelukast(singulair)? Route?
LTRA oral
73
What is roflumilast(Daliresp)? Indications? Route?
PDE4 inhibitor COPD Oral
74
What is omalizumab(Xolair)? Route? How often? MOA?
Monoclonal antibodies SC every 2-3 wks Binds to IgE to prevent mast cells from releasing histamine
75
What is mepolizumab(Nucala)? Route? How often? MOA?
Monoclonal antibodies SC every 2-3 wks Binds to IgE to prevent mast cells from releasing histamine
76
What do LTRA drugs end in?
-lukast

Pharmacology (27 decks)

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