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Immuno Block Mid Term 1 > AntigenInfo > Flashcards

AntigenInfo Flashcards

1
Q

location of presentation for antigens in connective or epithelial tissue?

A

in lymph nodes

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2
Q

location of presentation for antigens in blood?

A

in the spleen

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3
Q

conventional dendritic cells location

A

tissues

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4
Q

conventional dendritic cells TLRs

A

TLR 4, 5, 8

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5
Q

conventional dendritic cells cytokines

A

TNF, Il-6, IL-12

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6
Q

conventional dendritic cells function

A

induction of T cell response against most antigens

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7
Q

plasmacytoid dendritic cells location

A

blood and tissue

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8
Q

plasmacytoid dendritic cells TLRs

A

TLR 7 and 9

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9
Q

plasmacytoid dendritic cells cytokines made

A

IFN a and b

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10
Q

plasmacytoid dendritic cells function

A

antiviral innate immunity and induction of T cell response against viruses

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11
Q

mature dendritic cells ability

A

able to present peptide antigens to naive T cells in lymph nodes

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12
Q

dendritic cell role in Antigen presentation

A

can express MHC II, initates T cell response to protein antigens

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13
Q

macrophages role in antigen presentation

A

inducibly expresses MHC class II, leads to effector phase of cell mediated immune response

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14
Q

B lymphocytes role in antigen presentation

A

can express MHC class II, presents antigen to helper CD4+ cells

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15
Q

what can B cells recognize?

A

proteins, nucleic acids, polysaccharides, lipids and small molecule

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16
Q

what can T cells recognize?

A

must be very small peptide fragments, and relies on MHC to process an antigen into the small peptide fragments

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17
Q

How does a T cell bind a peptide fragment?

A

it binds the fragment and the MHC component that it recognizes

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18
Q

MHC Class I information

A

found in all nucleated cells in the body and display peptide antigens that are found within the cytoplasm of the cell

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19
Q

What T cell mainly recognizes the MHC class I?

A

mainly recognized by CD8 cells because these are the cytotoxic cells that will kill cells infected in cytoplasm

20
Q

MHC Class II information

A

these are only found in antigen presenting cells..dendritic, macrophages and B cells

display antigens from microbes in vesicles in the infected cells

21
Q

What T cell mainly recognizes the MHC class II?

A

since displaying antigens from vesicles in the cell, these are mainly recognized by the CD4 cells since they will require helper cells

22
Q

MHC name in Humans

A

Human Leukocyte Antigens

23
Q

What chromosome is MHC on?

A

chromosome 6

24
Q

MHC Class I names

A

HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C

25
Q

MHC Class I chains

A

alpha chain with peptide binding cleft (a1,2,3), and beta-2 micro globulin for stability

a3 binds cd8 cell

26
Q

transporter associated antigen processing for MHC class I

A

Proteasome breaks up into small peptides which go to ER where they are combined with MHC class I complex and then packaged and sent to membrane

27
Q

MHC Class II names

A

HLA-DP, HLA-DQ, HLA-DR

28
Q

MHC Class II chains

A

alpha and beta of equal size, both in membrane and both involved in binding the peptide

b2 binds cd4 cell

29
Q

MHC Class II peptide association

A

phagocytosed an antigen, ER has MHC class II molecules with an invariant chain in the binding site, once antigen there the invariant chain leaves and the peptide can bind and the MHC II complex can go to membrane for recognition by CD4 cells

30
Q

co-dominant expression of MHC genes

A

both mom and dad genes are transcribed so means you have more possible MHC proteins to present

31
Q

polymorphic MHC genes

A

many different alleles in population so likely we are all different in MHC

32
Q

importance of slow off rate of peptides in MHC

A

gives plenty of time for T cells to recognize and proliferate

33
Q

celiac disease

A

gluten allergy that leads to fatty diarrhea, weight loss, and vitamin deficiencies

autoimmune, some genetic linkage to HLA

34
Q

etiology of celiacs disease

A

villous atrophy intestines

35
Q

treatment of celiac disease

A

GF diet

36
Q

serological evaluation for celiacs

A

often have autoantibodies of EMA-IgA (antiendomysial) and tTG-IgA (transglutaminase antibody) and can test for these to do diagnosis

also have antibody against gliadin (component of gluten)

people also use endoscopy and biopsy

37
Q

type 1 diabetes

A

autoimmune destruction of beta cells that make insulin in pancreas

some genetic linkage to HLA
treat with exogenous insulin

38
Q

symptoms of type 1 diabetes

A

polydipsia (increased thirst) Polyuria (increased urine), weight loss

hyperglycemia, diabetic ketoacidosis

39
Q

Auto-antibody testing for Type 1 diabetes

A

look for antibodies of anti glutamic acid decarboxylase,
anti islet cell
anti insulin

40
Q

celiac disease genetic links

A

HLA DQ2 and HLADQ8,

41
Q

type 1 diabetes genetic links

A

HLA DQ and HLA DR

42
Q

hyperacute organ rejection

A

immediate, due to pre-formed antibodies, like incompatibility of ABO blood types

thrombosis occurs, organ dies

not common anymore

43
Q

acute organ rejection

A

week to months due to developing B and T cells to foreign organ

shows with vasculitis, treat with immunosupressants

44
Q

chronic organ rejection

A

years long, due to T and B cells

leads to fibrosis or scarring and may need new transplant

45
Q

graft versus host disease

A

bone marrow transplant where the marrow makes new donor T cells that are sensitive against recipients MHC class…many organs effected

46
Q

Graft versus host disease presentation

A

rash, jaundice, diarrhea, hepatosplenomegaly

Immuno Block Mid Term 1 (16 decks)

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