Blood_Histology

Question 1

leukocytes

Answer 1

eosinophils, basophils, neutrophils, monocytes, lymphocytes

Question 2

hematocrit for men, women, children and infants

Answer 2

40-50
35-45
35
45-60

Question 3

RBC life span

Answer 3

120 days

Question 4

azurophilic granules

Answer 4

small granules in all WBCs that are lysosomes contianing hydrolytic enzymes

Question 5

specific granules

Answer 5

larger dots in granulocytes that you can actually see

Question 6

neutrophil specific granules and lifespan

Answer 6

contains alkaline phosphatase, collagenase, lactoferrin, lysozyme, phagocytin

6 hours to few days

60% of WBCs

Question 7

Neutrophilic phagocytosis mechanisms

Answer 7

azurophilic granules release hydrolytic enzymes

Reactive O2 compounds formed within phagosomes destroy microorgs

Question 8

Eosinophils

Answer 8

bi-lobed nucleus

moderate inflammatory reaction, helminth defense by inactivating histamine and leukotriene C

large red granules, NO lysozyme

lifespan is 8-12 days, circulate for 4-5 hours

Question 9

Basophils

Answer 9

granules include heparin, histamine, chemotactic factor for eosinophils

have IgE receptors on surface

few hours to few days to few months in connective tissue

Question 10

lymphocytes and monocyte life span

Answer 10

variable life span

Question 11

platelets

Answer 11

anucleated disk shaped fragments

arise from megakaryocytes in bone marrow

Question 12

hyalomere

Answer 12

clear peripheral region of platelet

contains actin/myosin and lots of microtubules

Question 13

granulomere

Answer 13

region with purple granules containing factors for vessel repair, platelet aggregation, coagulation, vasoconstriction, adhesion, and clot removal

Question 14

lymphocyte % of WBC

Answer 14

20-25%

Question 15

monocytes % of WBC

Answer 15

3-8%

Question 16

yellow marrow

Answer 16

in long bones, not hemopoetic, fatty

Question 17

red marrow

Answer 17

in the epiphyses of long bones and flat and short bones

highly vascular for hematopoeisis

Question 18

Hemopoiesis

Answer 18

formation of white and red blood cells

Question 19

prenatal hemopoiesis

Answer 19

yolk sac to live to spleen to bone marrow

Question 20

postnatal hemopoiesis

Answer 20

stem cells give rise to progenitor cells which go to precursor cells which are in bone marrow

Question 21

erythropoiesis

Answer 21

RBC formation

Question 22

stages of erythropoiesis

Answer 22

1. proerythroblast-undergoing mitosis, moving, changing morphology, bluish purple
2. basophilic erythroblast- mitosis and movement, smaller, nucleus smaller,
3. polychromatophilic erythroblast- mitosis still, smaller and condense nucleus, reddish purple
4. orthochromatophilic erythroblast- mitosis stopped, smaller cell, nucleus clear, cytoplasm is now pink
5. reticulocyte- rids of nucleus and now pretty red, see some RNA remaining, still in bone marrow, but is cell that crosses into blood stream
6. mature RBC once reticulocyte crosses into blood stream

Question 23

granulocyte formation stages

Answer 23

1. Myeloblast- mitosis, moving, changing characteristics
2. Promyeloblast- large cell with large nucleus
3. Neutrophilic Myelocyte- smaller, nucleus smaller, maintain blue color, azurophilic and small specific granules developing
4. Neutrophilic Metamylocyte- nucleus flattened and indented
5. Neutrophilic Stab Cell- band cell, horseshoe shaped nucleus, looks almost like neutrophil

Question 24

monocyte formation

Answer 24

monoblasts
promonocytes
monocytes
macrophages

Question 25

lymphocyte formation

Answer 25

lymphoid stem cell
immunoincompetent stem cell
B cell or T cell
Tcell into thymus

Question 26

platelet formation

Answer 26

megakaryoblast
megakarocyte
platelets

Question 27

sinusoid

Answer 27

blood vessel coming through bone marrow to pick up mature cells

often megakaryocytes are nearby

Question 28

stem cell
progenitor cell
precursor cell

Answer 28

stem cell can differentiate into about anything
progenitor cell is committed to a lineage
precursor cell is a cell in formation of a distinct cell