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Immuno Block Mid Term 1 > Cytokines > Flashcards

Cytokines Flashcards

1
Q

cytokine definition

A

cytokines are small soluble proteins that are produced in response to an antigen and function as chemical messengers for regulating the innate and adaptive immune response

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2
Q

what cells make cytokines?

A

pretty much all cells in innate and adaptive immunity but mainly helper T cells

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3
Q

pleiotropy of cytokines

A

some cytokines can act on multiple different cells

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4
Q

four categories of cytokines

A

innate responses
adaptive responses
chemokines for directed cell migration
stimulate hematopoeisis

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5
Q

TNF

A

innate immunity cytokine

from macrophages and T cells

activates endothelial cells and neutophils in acute immune response, targets hypothalamus for fever, targets liver for production of acute phase proteins, targets muscle and fat for catabolism, and helps apoptosis

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6
Q

IL-1

A

innate immunity cytokine

from macrophages, endothelial cells and epithelial cells

activates inflammation in endothelial cells, hypothalamus for fever, liver for acute phase proteins, T cells for Th17 differentiation

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7
Q

chemokines

A

innate immunity cytokine

from macrophages, dendritic cells, endothelial cells, T lymphs, fibroblasts, platelets

increase integrin affinity in leukocytes, chemotaxis for leukocytes and activation

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8
Q

IL-12

A

innate immunity cytokine

from dendritic cells and macrophages

increases IFN-gamma production and cytotoxic activity in NK and T cells, T cells Th1 differentiation

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9
Q

IFN-gamma

A

innate and adaptive immunity cytokine

from NK cells and T cells, CD4 and CD8

activate macrophages and stimulate antibody responses

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10
Q

IFN-alpha

A

innate immunity cytokine

from dendritic cells and macrophages

helps all cells notice virals, increase class I MHC expression, activates NK cells

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11
Q

IFN-beta

A

innate immunity cytokine

from fibroblasts

helps all cells notice virals, increase class I MHC expression, activates NK cells

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12
Q

IL-10

A

innate immunity cytokine

from macrophages, dendritic cells and T cells

inhibits IL12 production in macrophages and dendritic cells, reduces expression of MHCII molecules

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13
Q

IL-6

A

innate immunity cytokine

from macrophages, endothelial cells, T cells

helps liver synthesize acute phase proteins, and helps B cells proliferate to make antibodies

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14
Q

IL-15

A

innate immunity cytokine

from macrophages and others

helps NK cells proliferate, and T cells too

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15
Q

IL-18

A

innate immunity cytokine

from macrophages

helps NK and T cells produce IFN-gamma

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16
Q

TGF-beta

A

innate and adaptive immunity cytokine

from many cells, specifically CD4 T cells

inhibits inflammation, helps T cells differentiate Th17 and regulatory T cells

17
Q

IL-2

A

adaptive immunity cytokine

from activated T cells

helps T cell proliferate, and helps regulatory T cells survive

18
Q

IL-4

A

adaptive immunity cytokine

from CD4 T cells, mast cells

helps B cells switching to IgE

19
Q

IL-5

A

adaptive immunity cytokine

from CD4 T cells, mast cells, and lymphoid cells

activates eosinophils

20
Q

IL-17

A

adaptive immunity cytokine

from CD4 T cells and others

stimulates the acute inflammation

21
Q

IL-22

A

adaptive immunity cytokine

from CD4 T cells, NK cells and innate lymphoid cells

maintenance of epithelial barrier function

22
Q

CXCL8 or IL-8

A

chemokine

recruits neutrophils

23
Q

CXCL2 or MIP-2

A

chemokine

recruits naive T cells

24
Q

CCL2 or MCP-1

A

chemokine

activates and recruits macrophages

25
Q

IL-3

A

hematopoeisis cytokine

from T cells

supports growth of multilineage bone marrow stem cells

26
Q

Colony stimulating factor

A

hematopoeisis cytokine

promotes production of colonies of different leukocytes in bone marrow and enhances their activity

can be granulocyte macrophage, macrophage, and granulocyte colony stimulating factors

27
Q

IL-7

A

hematopoeisis cytokine

made by fibroblasts and bone marrow stroma cells

helps immature B and T cells survive and proliferate

28
Q

rheumatoid arthritis and biologics mechanism

A

the biologics are most commonly used to target the TNF cytokine

Immuno Block Mid Term 1 (16 decks)

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