Antiviral pharm

Question 1

acyclovir MOA

Answer 1

Interferes with viral nucleic acid synthesis, its regulation or both (DNA & RNA)

Prevents virus from binding to cells so VIRUS CANNOT GET INTO CELLS thus preventing viral replication

Stimulates the body’s IMMUNE SYSTEM to kill the virus

Question 2

routes of acyclovir

Answer 2

oral, tablets and liquid, topical cream and ointment, intravenous

Question 3

indications of acyclovir

Answer 3

Used to suppress replication of:
 HSV 1(oral)  
 HSV 2 (genital) 
 VZV (herpes zoster and varicella/chickenpox)

Question 4

T/F acyclovir is a cure

Answer 4

false, decrease Symptom severity and frequency of outbreaks, NOT a cure!

Question 5

S/E of acyclovir

Answer 5

GI distress, renal impairment, seizures, ITP

IV form – tissue necrosis if IV not patent

Question 6

Antiviral drug for the flu

Answer 6

oseltamivir

Question 7

moa of oseltamivir

Answer 7

Inhibit neuraminidases in influenza viruses

Question 8

oseltamivir is most active against what

Answer 8

Flu A

Question 9

indications for oseltamivir

Answer 9

Used for prophylaxis and to treat active disease (48H of sx onset)

Most often given to elderly and immunocompromised after KNOWN EXPOSURE to influenza A and B

CDC approved April 2009 for treatment of H1N1 (swine flu)

Question 10

route of oseltamivir

Answer 10

po

Question 11

s/e of oseltamivir

Answer 11

N/V

seizures

renal impairment

Question 12

antiviral for herpes virus

Answer 12

acyclovir

Question 13

treatment for cytomegalovirus

Answer 13

ganciclovir

Question 14

what is cytomegalovirus CMV

Answer 14

CMV - immunocompromised patients (AIDS, immunosuppressed, transplants)
Controls but doesn’t cure

Question 15

MOA of ganciclovir

Answer 15

: inhibits viral DNA polymerases resulting in chain termination

Question 16

route of ganciclovir

Answer 16

IV + PO

Question 17

black box warning for ganciclovir

Answer 17

: hematologic toxicity, fertility impairment, fetal toxicity, carcinogenesis

Question 18

what cautions do we have with ganciclovir

Answer 18

Don’t give with imipenem-cilastatin -> seizure potential

Watch kidneys if given with other nephrotoxic drugs