Pyelonephritis

Question 1

UTI protective factors 5

Answer 1

pH = acidic

Presence of urea

Sex-specific factors:
Men = prostatic secretions
Women = urethral gland secretions

Urine flow is uni-directional!
One-way valve at ureteral attachment to bladder

Immune system

Question 2

10 UTI Risk factors

Answer 2

Catheterization: CAUTIs

Sex = Female

Age = increases as we age

Pregnancy

Sexual activity

Urinary obstruction or reflux

Immobility

Incontinence

Decreased cognition

Bad personal hygiene

Question 3

Ascending pattern of UTI (TOP to Bottom)

Answer 3

Kidney (Pyelonephritis)
Ureter
Bladder (cystitis)
Urethra
Contaminated Perineum

Question 4

Pyelonoephritis =

Answer 4

inflammation of the kidneys

Question 5

What is the etiology of an upper UTI

Answer 5

Ascending infection with E. coli

Bloodstream infection

Question 6

Major Risk factor of Upper UTI

Answer 6

Pregnancy – fetus goes blocking ureters causing urinary stasis and infection sets. Inflammation that sets in is due to infection that can damage kidneys and lead to kidney failure.

Question 7

patho of upper uti

Answer 7

inflammatory response leads to kidney tissue damage

Question 8

clinical manifestations of upper uti

Answer 8

den onset: More systemic
Fever
Chills
CVA tenderness

Question 9

lower uti symptoms

Answer 9

dysuria
frequency
urgency

Question 10

upper uti accompanying symptoms

Answer 10

N/V

Anoerexia

Question 11

what is UROSEPSIS

Answer 11

severe systemic response to UTI

Question 12

who is high risk for urosepsis

Answer 12

elderly

diabetics

immunosuppressed

Question 13

T/F urosepsis has a high mortality outcome

Answer 13

true

Question 14

t/f urosepsis is treatable if found quickly

Answer 14

true

Question 15

First line antibotics used for upper UTI

Answer 15

Ciprofloxacin

Vancomycin

Bactrim

Question 16

MOA of Cipro

Answer 16

inhibits bacterial reproduction, works locally

Question 17

black box of cipro

Answer 17

tendon rupture

Question 18

what is vancomycin used for

Answer 18

more complex UTI

Question 19

What is Bactrim

Answer 19

combo drug- provides better efficiency

Question 20

side effect of bactrim

Answer 20

sulfa allergy

Question 21

3 ways to administer ABX for community acquired infections

Answer 21

single-dose
short course (3 days)
conventional (7-14 days)

Question 22

treatment of UTIs depend on

Answer 22

Upper vs lower

complications

pregnancy

culture and sensitity