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Pharm 1 > Gout > Flashcards

Gout Flashcards

1
Q

What is Gout

A

uric acid metabolism

deposit of urate salts

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2
Q

what is gouty arthritis

A

Urate crystals in synovial fluid

Acute, painful inflammation

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3
Q

What is tophaceous gout

A

Advanced stage

Tophi

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4
Q

what is uric acid

A

waste product of purine metabolism

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5
Q

what is purine

A

compund containing nitrogen

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6
Q

sources of purine

A

Alcohol
Organ meat (liver)
Red meat
Seafood, shell fish

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7
Q

Risk Factors of Gout

A 
Male
genetics
high purine diet
obesity
diuretic therapy + kidney insufficiency
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8
Q

Patho of Gouty Arthritis

A 
Elevated Uric Acid Levels
/
Uric acid accumulates in body fluids 
/
Formation of urate crystals
/
Deposition in or around joint(s)
/
Inflammation
/
Gouty Arthritis
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9
Q

Manifestations of Gouty arthritis

A

Pain
Intense pain
Great toe
Early morning

Inflammation
Edema
Tenderness
Redness

Fever

Malaise

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10
Q

Complications of Gout and Gouty Arthritis

A

Urate Kidney Stones

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11
Q

Pharmacotherapy of Gout and gouty arthritis

A

+Acute
NSAIDs
Corticosteroid therapy
Colchicine (Colcrys)

+Prophylactic
Allopurinol (Zyloprim)
Colchicine (Colcrys)
Probenecid (Benuryl)

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12
Q

Antigout Agent

A

Allopurinol (Zyloprim)

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13
Q

MOA of allopurinol

A

inhibits production of uric acid

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14
Q

what is the therapeutic use of allopurinol

A

prophylaxis

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15
Q

SE of allopurinol

A

Rash

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16
Q

Interactions of allopurinol

A

hypoglycemic agents

warfarin

17
Q

Nursing implications of Allopurinol

A

+If gastric irritation
take w/ food or milk

+Monitor
Serum/urine uric acid
Serum glucose
may cause hypoglycemia

+Time to improvement?
2-6 weeks

18
Q

Anti-inflammatory / Anti-gout agent

A

Colchicine (colcrys)

19
Q

MOA of colchicine

A

Mostly unknown; inhibits leukocyte infiltration (disrupts cell division)

20
Q

Therapeutic Use of Colchicine

A

Gout flares and prophylaxis

21
Q

SE of colchicine

A

GI effects - stop colchicine

22
Q

precautions of colchicine

A

usually given orally
contraindicated in renal disease

Monitor flu like systems -> drug toxicity

IV not given in US

23
Q

Nursing implications of colchicine

A

+Teach patient to avoid:
Alcohol
Grapefruit
B12 vitamins

\+Check for  other drugs that could interact with Colchicine:
CYP3A4 Inhibitors:  Clarithromycin
Lanoxin (Digoxin)
Statins
Numerous others
24
Q

Uricosuric Agent

A

Probenecid (Benuryl)

25
Q

MOA of probenecid

A

inhibits reabsorption of uric acid in kidney, promoting excretion

26
Q

Therapeutic uses of probenecid

A

treats hyperuricemia with gout

27
Q

Recommendatoins of probenecid

A

Used alone or in combo with allopurinol when not effective alone

28
Q

SE of probenecid (4)

A

GI upset
Dizziness or headache
Kidney/Liver impairment
Lots of drug interactions

Pharm 1 (28 decks)

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