AP HUG Unit 6 Reverse

Question 1

site = physical location. ex. climate, water availability, soil quality, etc

Answer 1

site factors

Question 2

situation = relative location of a place compared to other places

Answer 2

situation factors

Question 3

process of developing towns and cities. greatest increase in urban population is in developing countries at the moment

Answer 3

urbanization

Question 4

process of people moving from cities to residential areas just outside of the city

Answer 4

suburbanization

Question 5

cities with a population of over 10 million

Answer 5

megacity

Question 6

cities with population over 20 million. consist of clusters of megacities

Answer 6

metacity

Question 7

countries with low standard of living, low per capita income, low economic productivity

Answer 7

periphery

Question 8

countries that are more developed than periphery but less developed than core

Answer 8

semiperiphery

Question 9

city or suburbs expanding to allow for additional population growth; takes over the surrounding land

Answer 9

sprawl

Question 10

when more people, industry, money, and power move away from the city

Answer 10

decentralization

Question 11

nodes of economic activity that have developed in the periphery of large cities

Answer 11

edge cities

Question 12

prosperous residential districts beyond the suburbs

Answer 12

exurbs

Question 13

rapidly growing suburban cities that represent a new metropolitan form

Answer 13

boomburbs

Question 14

integration of markets, states, communication, and trade on a global scale

Answer 14

globalization

Question 15

a city that has influence on a global scale, not just within its region

Answer 15

world cities, global cities

Question 16

ranking of settlements or cities based on their size and economic function

Answer 16

urban hierarchy

Question 17

a set of interconnected entities or nodes without a center or hierarchy

Answer 17

networks, linkages

Question 18

describes a way that the sizes of cities within a region may develop; the nth largest city in any region will be 1/n the size of the largest city

Answer 18

rank size rule

Question 19

when the largest city in an urban system is more than twice as large as the second largest city

Answer 19

primary city, primate city

Question 20

states that places that are larger and closer together will have a greater interaction than those that are small and far apart

Answer 20

gravity model

Question 21

the distribution of cities and cervices is based on size

Answer 21

central place theory

Question 22

relationship of socioeconomic status and distance from the CBD. ring 1: CBD, 2. zone of transition. 3. working class zone. 4. residential zone. 5. commuter zone.

Answer 22

burgess concentric zone model

Question 23

modified burgess model. instead of circular zones, the wedge like sectors follow major transportation routes. low income near industry.

Answer 23

hoyt sector model

Question 24

downtown CBD is no longer core of only business land use. metro areas develop edge cities

Answer 24

multiple nuclei model

Question 25

spread of cities outward from the CBD. leads to declining inner city. includes edge cities

Answer 25

galactic city model

Question 26

housing quality decreases as you get further from the city center. poverty, lack of infrastructure, shantytowns, barrios/favelas (lots of poverty, homelessness, + crime), disamenity zones (not connected to services)

Answer 26

latin american city model

Question 27

focus on former colonial port zone; includes gov't zone. history of chinese immigration, so many of these cities have a 2nd commercial zone based on chinese businesses. secondary sector is increasing, so industrial zones are emerging in many cities.

Answer 27

southeast asian city model

Question 28

signs of colonization; traditional CBD + colonial CBD. informal squatter settlements on the periphery. informal economy thrives (think periodic markets)

Answer 28

african city model

Question 29

what is the bidder willing to pay to be in the right location for their needs

Answer 29

bid rent theory

Question 30

high density=close to the CBD. medium=further away, getting into the suburbs. low=far away from CBD; rural areas. bid rent theory/curve + burgess model help to explain this pattern of urban land use

Answer 30

residential density gradient

Question 31

infilling occurs where open space presents an economic opportunity for landowners to build small multi-family housing units, placing more people into existing city blocks.

Answer 31

infilling

Question 32

the basic physical and organizational structures and facilities (e.g. buildings, roads, power supplies) needed for the operation of a society or enterprise.

Answer 32

infrastructure

Question 33

ability of an industry to be profitable enough to support itself but not hinder the potential future industries

Answer 33

sustainability

Question 34

regulations that define how property in specific geographic regions can be used

Answer 34

zoning ordinances

Question 35

mix of residential and commercial land uses instead of a clear separation

Answer 35

mixed land use

Question 36

ability of a city to sustain people without using cars

Answer 36

walkability

Question 37

maximizes amount of residential, business, and leisure space within walking distance of public transport

Answer 37

transportation oriented development

Question 38

set of policies to presurve farmland and other open, undeveloped spaces near a city

Answer 38

smart growth

Question 39

a movement seeking to reduce sprawl, increase affordable housing, + create vibrant walkable neighborhoods

Answer 39

new urbanism, urban revitalization

Question 40

areas of undeveloped land around cities

Answer 40

greenbelts

Question 41

cities with smart growth policies in place

Answer 41

slow growth cities

Question 42

an equitable distribution of housing, jobs, health care, education and respect.

Answer 42

livability

Question 43

segregation that is technically against the law but the citizens still do it

Answer 43

de facto segregation

Question 44

data that's descriptive and conceptual. ex. field studies and narratives

Answer 44

qualatative data

Question 45

data that can be counted, measured. ex. census and survey data

Answer 45

quantatative data

Question 46

the collection of information from a sample of individuals through their responses to questions

Answer 46

survey data

Question 47

when realtors and/or banks refuse to give someone a loan/show them houses in a certain area because of their race/ethnicity

Answer 47

housing discrimination

Question 48

a discriminatory practice by which banks, insurance companies, real estate agencies, etc., refuse or limit loans, mortgages, insurance, etc., within specific geographic areas

Answer 48

redlining

Question 49

people of one ethnic group are frightened to selling their homes at a low price when they hear that a family of ethnic population are moving into the neighborhood

Answer 49

blockbusting

Question 50

one with housing that the general public can afford

Answer 50

affordability

Question 51

low-income (and therefore low tax) areas do not usually have as many amenities and services

Answer 51

access to services

Question 52

the very poorest parts of cities that in extreme cases are not even connected to city services (amenities) and are controlled by gangs and drugs

Answer 52

disamenity zones, zones of abandonment

Question 53

general term to encompass low-quality housing, occupied by the poor, usually on the periphery of cities

Answer 53

squatter settlements

Question 54

local policies that tap the economic gains from rising real estate values to create affordable housing

Answer 54

inclusionary zoning

Question 55

local food is food that is produced within a short distance of where it is consumed

Answer 55

local food movements

Question 56

areas without easy access to healthy food

Answer 56

food deserts

Question 57

renovating a site within a city by removing the existing landscape and rebuilding from the ground up

Answer 57

urban renewal, redevelopment

Question 58

the process whereby the character of a poor urban area is changed by wealthier people moving in, improving housing, and attracting new businesses, typically displacing current inhabitants in the process.

Answer 58

gentrification

Question 59

development of suburbs at relatively low density + at locations that are not contiguous to the existing built-up area

Answer 59

suburban sprawl

Question 60

cities are a key contributor to climate change, as urban activities are major sources of greenhouse gas emissions

Answer 60

cities and climate change

Question 61

cities are notorious for polluting the water and air

Answer 61

cities and air/water quality

Question 62

tracks the use of productive surface areas--how are cities using their resources?

Answer 62

ecological footprint

Question 63

a former industrial or commercial site where future use is affected by real or perceived environmental contamination.

Answer 63

brownfields

Question 64

separates urban areas from the surrounding natural and agricultural lands, or greenbelts

Answer 64

urban growth boundaries

Question 65

discourages federal activities that would convert farmland to nonagricultural purposes

Answer 65

farmland protection policies