Appendicular Musculature

Question 1

What is the function of pectoralis minor?

Answer 1

Protracts and depresses scapula

Question 2

What is the function of the serratus anterior?

Answer 2

Protracts scapula & swings shoulder anteriorly.

Question 3

What is the function of the rhomboids?

Answer 3

Retract scapula.

Question 4

What are the functions of the latissimus dorsi?

Answer 4

Extends, adducts, and medially rotates the arm; draws the shoulder downward and backward.

Question 5

What are the functions of the pectoralis major?

Answer 5

Shoulder flexion, adduction and horizontal adduction.

Question 6

What are the functions of the deltoid?

Answer 6

Rotating and abducting the shoulder and humerus (think freestyle swimming).

Question 7

What are the 6 scapulohumeral muscles and what are their functions?

Answer 7

Deltoid, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, teres major, subscapularis.
Protecting and stabilizing the shoulder joint.

Question 8

What are the 4 muscles of the rotator cuff and what is their function?

Answer 8

Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis.

Reinforcing the glenohumeral joint.

Question 9

Which muscles originate on the scapula?

Answer 9

Deltoid, teres major, carabronichialic, rotator cuff (4 muscles).

Question 10

Muscles that flex the forearm are located __________ and include:

Answer 10

anteriorly; biceps brachii, brachialis (deep) & brachioradialis (also for supination).

Question 11

The muscle that extends the forearm is located ___________ and is called the:

Answer 11

posteriorly; triceps brachii.

Question 12

Elbow Flexors

Answer 12

biceps brachii, brachialis, brachioradialis

Question 13

Elbow Extensors

Answer 13

triceps brachii

Question 14

Elbow Pronators

Answer 14

pronator teres, pronator quadratus

Question 15

Elbow Supinators

Answer 15

supinator, biceps brachii

Question 16

Gluteal Group

Answer 16

gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, gluteus minimus

Question 17

Sciatic Nerve

Answer 17

nerve extending from the base of the spine down the thigh, lower leg, and foot

Question 18

Lateral Rotator Group

Answer 18

piriformis, obruator internus and externus

Question 19

Pelvic Adductors

Answer 19

adductor longus, adductor magnus, gracilis, pectineus and brevis

Question 20

Iliopsoas

Answer 20

psoas major and iliacus, with the ingunial ligament for lateral movement and extension

Question 21

Sartorius

Answer 21

flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh at the hip; flexes knee

Question 22

Gracilis

Answer 22

mainly controls hip joint movement

Question 23

Gluteus and Iliacus Muscles

Answer 23

antagonistic muscles

Question 24

Knee/Hamstring Flexors

Answer 24

biceps femoris, semimembranosus, semitendinosus, and supporting muscles, sartorius, popliteus, also extends the hip joint

Question 25

Knee/Quadriceps Extensors

Answer 25

rectus femoris, vastus intermedius, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, while also flexing the hip joint

Question 26

Ankle Flexors

Answer 26

tibialis anterior for dorsi flexion

Question 27

Ankle Extensors

Answer 27

tibialis posterior, fibularis brevis, gastrocnemius and soleus, working together as synergisitc muscles

Question 28

Hallucis

Answer 28

big toe

Question 29

Digital Flexors

Answer 29

flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus

Question 30

Plantar Flexors

Answer 30

tibialis posterior, fibularis longus and fibularis brevis

Question 31

Digital Extensors

Answer 31

extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus

Question 32

Muscles of the lower limb are ____ & ____ powerful than the upper limb

Answer 32

larger, more

Question 33

What are the 4 muscle groups of the thigh?

Answer 33

- Gluteal - Lateral rotator - Adductor - Iliopsoas

Question 34

What is the function of the iliopsoas group?

Answer 34

Hip joint movement

Question 35

What is the function of the gluteal group?

Answer 35

Abduction and medial rotation

Question 36

What is the function of the lateral rotator group?

Answer 36

Rotation of the femur in the hip joint

Question 37

What is the function of the adductor group?

Answer 37

Adducting the femur in the hip joint

Question 38

The trapezius consists of 3 types of fibres:

Answer 38

upper, middle and lower fibres.

Question 39

What is the function of the levator scapulae?

Answer 39

Elevates the scapula (like shrugging motion).

Question 40

What are the 2 prime movers of the arm?

Answer 40

Pectoralis major & latissimus dorsi.

Question 41

What are the 5 flexors of the leg?

Answer 41

- Biceps femoris - Semimembranosus - Semitendinosus - Sartorius - Popliteus

Question 42

What are the 4 extensors of the leg?

Answer 42

- Rectus femoris - Vastus intermedius - Vastus lateralis - Vastus medialis

Question 43

What are the 4 extensors of the leg?

Answer 43

- Rectus femoris - Vastus intermedius - Vastus lateralis - Vastus medialis

Question 44

What are the 3 muscles that move the foot?

Answer 44

- Tibialis anterior - Tibialis posterior - Gastrocnemius