Peripheral & Autonomic System Flashcards by Dawn Hau

How many pairs of cranial nerves are there?

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the name of CN I?

Olfactory nerve

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the function of CN I?

Sensory: smell

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the name of CN II?

Optic nerve

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the function of CN II?

Sensory: vision

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the name of CN III?

Oculomotor nerve

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the function of CN III?

Motor: Control of extra-ocular eye muscles

Superior, inferior + medial rectus, inferior oblique, levator palpebrae superioris

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the name of CN IV?

Trochlear nerve

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the function of CN IV?

Motor: Control of extra-ocular eye muscles

Superior oblique

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the name of CN V?

Trigeminal nerve

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the function of CN V?

Sensory:
- Ophthalmic (forehead, eyelid, nose)
- Maxillary (lower eyelid, upper lip + cheek)
Motor:
- Mandibular (motor mastication)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the name of CN VI?

Abducens nerve

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the function of CN VI?

Motor: Controls eye movements

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the name of CN VII?

Facial nerve

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the function of CN VII?

Sensory: Face + taste
Motor: Controls facial muscles

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the name of CN VIII?

Vestibulocochlear nerve

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the function of CN VIII?

Sensory: balance & hearing

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the name of CN IX?

Glossopharyngeal nerve

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the function of CN IX?

Sensory: Tongue pain
Motor: Swallowing

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the name of CN X?

Vagus nerve

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the function of CN X?

Sensory: information from organs
Motor: sends information to the organs

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the name of CN XI?

Accessory nerve

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the function of CN XI?

Motor: Controls the sternocleidomastoid, trapezius, palate, pharynx + larynx muscles

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the name of CN XII?

Hypoglossal nerve

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the function of hypoglossal nerve?

Motor: controls tongue movement

Which CNs only have sensory function?

1, 2 & 8

Which CNs only have motor function?

3, 4, 6, 11 & 12

Which CNs have both sensory and motor functions?

5, 7, 9 & 10

What are the 3 components of the brain stem from most superior to inferior?

- Mid brain (mesencephalon) - Pons - Medulla oblongata

What CNs are in the mid brain?

3 & 4

What CNs are in the pons?

5 & 8

What CNs are in the medulla oblongata?

8 to 12

The sensory pathway carries info from ____ & ____ of body to ____

skin, muscles, CNS

The somatic motor pathway carries info from ____ ____ & ____ to ____ ____.

basal nuclei, cerebellum, cerebral cortex

What are the 3 major somatic sensory pathways?

- Spinothalamic - Posterior column - Spinocerebellar

Which 4 types of stimuli do all general sensory receptors have?

- Nociceptors (pain) - Thermoreceptors (temp.) - Mechanoreceptors (physical distortion) - Chemoreceptors (chemical concentration)

Which 3 types of sensory receptors?

- Exteroceptors (info about external environment) - Proprioceptors (skeletal muscles + joints) - Interceptors (visceral organs + functions)

What are the 2 principal motor tracts?

- Corticospinal tract | - Subconscious tract

Which pathway is ascending? Descending?

Sensory pathway: ascending | Somatic motor pathway: descending

What is the function of the autonomic nervous system (ANS)?

Involuntary regulation of body systems (temp. respiratory, digestive, etc.)

What 2 motor neurons connect CNS to organs?

- Preganglionic | - Postganglionic

Where is the cell body of a preganglionic neuron?

In the brain or spinal cord

Where is the cell body of a postganglionic neuron?

Outside CNS in an autonomic ganglion

Describe the axon of a preganglionic neuron

Myelinated type B fiber (extends into autonomic ganglion)

Describe the axon of a postganglionic neuron

Unmyelinated type C fiber (ends in a visceral effector)

Where is the origin site of preganglionic cell bodies of the parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS)?

Craniosacral: Cranial & sacral areas of CNS

Where is the origin site of preganglionic cell bodies of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS)?

Thoracolumbar: thoracic + lumbar (L1-L2) of spinal cord

Describe the length of preganglionic and postganglionic fibers in the PSNS

Preganglionic: Long Postganglionic: Short

Describe the length of preganglionic and postganglionic fibers in the SNS

Preganglionic: Short Postganglionic: Long

What chemicals do the preganglionic and postganglionic neurons release in the PSNS?

Preganglionic: Ach Postganglionic: Ach

What chemicals do the preganglionic and postganglionic neurons release in the SNS?

Preganglionic: Ach Postganglionic: Norepinephrine (NE)

What are the 2 types of ganglia in the SNS?

- Sympathetic chain ganglia | - Collateral ganglia

What are the 3 components in collateral ganglia?

- Celiac ganglion - Superior mesenteric ganglion - Inferior mesenteric ganglion

How do the preganglionic fibers in the PSNS leave the brain?

CN II, CN VII, CN IX, CN X

What do cholinergic neurons release?

Ach

Nicotinic receptors are on the cell bodies of all ____ neurons

postganglionic

Muscarinic receptors are in ____

effectors

Are nicotinic receptors excitatory or inhibitory?

Excitatory

Muscarinic receptors are found on:

All parasympathetic postganglionic neurons & sympathetic postganglionic neurons that innervate sweat glands

Adrenergic neurons release:

Norepinephrine (NE)

All ____ postganglionic neurons are adrenergic neurons

sympathetic

What are the 2 types of adrenergic neurons?

Alpha + beta

Is alpha 1 activation excitatory or inhibitory?

Excitatory

Is alpha 2 activation excitatory or inhibitory?

Inhibitory

Is beta 1 activation excitatory or inhibitory?

Excitatory

Is beta 2 activation excitatory or inhibitory?

Inhibitory

What are the exceptions to dual innervation?

Most arterioles + veins (sympathetic) and most sweat gland (sympathetic)

All visceral reflexes are ___synaptic

poly

Describe the 5 steps of the autonomic reflex arc

1. Receptor 2. Sensory neuron (afferent) 3. Integrating center (hypothalamus) 4. Motor neuron (efferent) 5. Effector (smooth, cardiac, gland)

Peripheral & Autonomic System Flashcards

(69 cards)