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NURS 106 > Peripheral & Autonomic System > Flashcards

Peripheral & Autonomic System Flashcards

1
Q

How many pairs of cranial nerves are there?

A

12

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2
Q

What is the name of CN I?

A

Olfactory nerve

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3
Q

What is the function of CN I?

A

Sensory: smell

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4
Q

What is the name of CN II?

A

Optic nerve

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5
Q

What is the function of CN II?

A

Sensory: vision

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6
Q

What is the name of CN III?

A

Oculomotor nerve

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7
Q

What is the function of CN III?

A

Motor: Control of extra-ocular eye muscles

Superior, inferior + medial rectus, inferior oblique, levator palpebrae superioris

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8
Q

What is the name of CN IV?

A

Trochlear nerve

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9
Q

What is the function of CN IV?

A

Motor: Control of extra-ocular eye muscles

Superior oblique

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10
Q

What is the name of CN V?

A

Trigeminal nerve

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11
Q

What is the function of CN V?

A 
Sensory:
- Ophthalmic (forehead, eyelid, nose)
- Maxillary (lower eyelid, upper lip + cheek)
Motor:
- Mandibular (motor mastication)
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12
Q

What is the name of CN VI?

A

Abducens nerve

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13
Q

What is the function of CN VI?

A

Motor: Controls eye movements

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14
Q

What is the name of CN VII?

A

Facial nerve

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15
Q

What is the function of CN VII?

A

Sensory: Face + taste
Motor: Controls facial muscles

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16
Q

What is the name of CN VIII?

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve

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17
Q

What is the function of CN VIII?

A

Sensory: balance & hearing

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18
Q

What is the name of CN IX?

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve

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19
Q

What is the function of CN IX?

A

Sensory: Tongue pain
Motor: Swallowing

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20
Q

What is the name of CN X?

A

Vagus nerve

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21
Q

What is the function of CN X?

A

Sensory: information from organs
Motor: sends information to the organs

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22
Q

What is the name of CN XI?

A

Accessory nerve

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23
Q

What is the function of CN XI?

A

Motor: Controls the sternocleidomastoid, trapezius, palate, pharynx + larynx muscles

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24
Q

What is the name of CN XII?

A

Hypoglossal nerve

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25
What is the function of hypoglossal nerve?
Motor: controls tongue movement
26
Which CNs only have sensory function?
1, 2 & 8
27
Which CNs only have motor function?
3, 4, 6, 11 & 12
28
Which CNs have both sensory and motor functions?
5, 7, 9 & 10
29
What are the 3 components of the brain stem from most superior to inferior?
- Mid brain (mesencephalon) - Pons - Medulla oblongata
30
What CNs are in the mid brain?
3 & 4
31
What CNs are in the pons?
5 & 8
32
What CNs are in the medulla oblongata?
8 to 12
33
The sensory pathway carries info from ____ & ____ of body to ____
skin, muscles, CNS
34
The somatic motor pathway carries info from ____ ____ & ____ to ____ ____.
basal nuclei, cerebellum, cerebral cortex
35
What are the 3 major somatic sensory pathways?
- Spinothalamic - Posterior column - Spinocerebellar
36
Which 4 types of stimuli do all general sensory receptors have?
- Nociceptors (pain) - Thermoreceptors (temp.) - Mechanoreceptors (physical distortion) - Chemoreceptors (chemical concentration)
37
Which 3 types of sensory receptors?
- Exteroceptors (info about external environment) - Proprioceptors (skeletal muscles + joints) - Interceptors (visceral organs + functions)
38
What are the 2 principal motor tracts?
- Corticospinal tract | - Subconscious tract
39
Which pathway is ascending? Descending?
Sensory pathway: ascending | Somatic motor pathway: descending
40
What is the function of the autonomic nervous system (ANS)?
Involuntary regulation of body systems (temp. respiratory, digestive, etc.)
41
What 2 motor neurons connect CNS to organs?
- Preganglionic | - Postganglionic
42
Where is the cell body of a preganglionic neuron?
In the brain or spinal cord
43
Where is the cell body of a postganglionic neuron?
Outside CNS in an autonomic ganglion
44
Describe the axon of a preganglionic neuron
Myelinated type B fiber (extends into autonomic ganglion)
45
Describe the axon of a postganglionic neuron
Unmyelinated type C fiber (ends in a visceral effector)
46
Where is the origin site of preganglionic cell bodies of the parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS)?
Craniosacral: Cranial & sacral areas of CNS
47
Where is the origin site of preganglionic cell bodies of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS)?
Thoracolumbar: thoracic + lumbar (L1-L2) of spinal cord
48
Describe the length of preganglionic and postganglionic fibers in the PSNS
Preganglionic: Long Postganglionic: Short
49
Describe the length of preganglionic and postganglionic fibers in the SNS
Preganglionic: Short Postganglionic: Long
50
What chemicals do the preganglionic and postganglionic neurons release in the PSNS?
Preganglionic: Ach Postganglionic: Ach
51
What chemicals do the preganglionic and postganglionic neurons release in the SNS?
Preganglionic: Ach Postganglionic: Norepinephrine (NE)
52
What are the 2 types of ganglia in the SNS?
- Sympathetic chain ganglia | - Collateral ganglia
53
What are the 3 components in collateral ganglia?
- Celiac ganglion - Superior mesenteric ganglion - Inferior mesenteric ganglion
54
How do the preganglionic fibers in the PSNS leave the brain?
CN II, CN VII, CN IX, CN X
55
What do cholinergic neurons release?
Ach
56
Nicotinic receptors are on the cell bodies of all ____ neurons
postganglionic
57
Muscarinic receptors are in ____
effectors
58
Are nicotinic receptors excitatory or inhibitory?
Excitatory
59
Muscarinic receptors are found on:
All parasympathetic postganglionic neurons & sympathetic postganglionic neurons that innervate sweat glands
60
Adrenergic neurons release:
Norepinephrine (NE)
61
All ____ postganglionic neurons are adrenergic neurons
sympathetic
62
What are the 2 types of adrenergic neurons?
Alpha + beta
63
Is alpha 1 activation excitatory or inhibitory?
Excitatory
64
Is alpha 2 activation excitatory or inhibitory?
Inhibitory
65
Is beta 1 activation excitatory or inhibitory?
Excitatory
66
Is beta 2 activation excitatory or inhibitory?
Inhibitory
67
What are the exceptions to dual innervation?
Most arterioles + veins (sympathetic) and most sweat gland (sympathetic)
68
All visceral reflexes are ___synaptic
poly
69
Describe the 5 steps of the autonomic reflex arc
1. Receptor 2. Sensory neuron (afferent) 3. Integrating center (hypothalamus) 4. Motor neuron (efferent) 5. Effector (smooth, cardiac, gland)

NURS 106 (22 decks)

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