Atelectasis

Question 1

What are the conditions that can cause alveoli to collapse?

Answer 1

Obstruction in proximal airways, external pressure from pneumothorax or hemothorax, filling with pus in pneumonia, blood in pulmonary contusion, or fluid in near-drowning or heart failure

These conditions lead to decreased ventilation and can compromise lung function.

Question 2

What percentage of the air moving in and out of the lungs is nitrogen?

Answer 2

79%

Nitrogen plays a critical role in keeping the alveoli open.

Question 3

What happens to alveoli when a patient is given 100% oxygen?

Answer 3

Any plugged alveolus will collapse once the oxygen diffuses out

This type of atelectasis is a risk for patients receiving high concentrations of oxygen.

Question 4

Which actions help to open closed alveoli and avoid decreased ventilation?

Answer 4

Sigh, cough, sneeze, and change positions

These actions are natural mechanisms thought to maintain lung function.

Question 5

What is atelectasis?

Answer 5

Collapse of entire lung segments due to increased numbers of closed alveoli

It can lead to pneumonia and is a significant concern in postoperative patients.

Question 6

What increases the risk of pneumonia in patients with atelectasis?

Answer 6

Affected areas becoming breeding grounds for pathogens

This is especially concerning in patients with fever post-surgery.

Question 7

What should postsurgical patients be encouraged to do?

Answer 7

Cough, deep breathe, and get out of bed with assistance

Even if painful, these actions help prevent atelectasis.

Question 8

What condition can develop in people who cannot get out of bed?

Answer 8

Atelectasis

This can lead to hypoxia or predispose patients to lung infections and pneumonia.

Question 9

What is the function of an incentive spirometer?

Answer 9

Helps patients quantify the depth of their breaths

This device is often sent home for continued use after discharge.

Question 10

True or False: Atelectasis can lead to hypoxia.

Answer 10

True

The collapse of alveoli can severely affect oxygenation.

Question 11

Fill in the blank: A device called an _______ helps patients quantify the depth of their breaths.

Answer 11

incentive spirometer

It is beneficial for patients recovering from surgeries affecting the chest.