Bacterial Foodborne Disease

Question 1

Intoxication

Answer 1

Do not colonize the intestinal tract
Replicate in food
Produce toxins in food

Question 2

Infection

Answer 2

Colonize the GI tract

Question 3

What are the two ways Bacterial toxins are names?

Answer 3

Type

Target tissue

Question 4

What bacteria produce exotoxins?

Answer 4

Staphylococcus aureus
Bacillus cereus
Clostridium botulinum (produces a neurotoxin)
Clostridium perfringens

Question 5

What bacteria produces endotoxins?

Answer 5

Campylobacter jejuni
Salmonella spp.
Escherichia coli
Vibrio cholera

Question 6

What is the reservoir for Staphylococcus aureus?

Answer 6

Skin and nose of healthy people

Question 7

What is the transmission for Staphylococcus aureus?

Answer 7

Contaminated food

Question 8

What are the clinical signs of Staphylococcus aureus?

Answer 8

Vomiting
diarrhea
cramping

Question 9

How do you prevent Staphylococcus aureus?

Answer 9

Proper food hygiene

Proper food storage

Question 10

What is the reservoir for Bacillus cereus?

Answer 10

Soil

Question 11

What is the transmission for Bacillus cereus?

Answer 11

Contaminated food

Question 12

What are the clinical signs for Bacillus cereus?

Answer 12

Enteric form: Vomiting and Nausea

Diarrhea form: Diarrhea and cramping

Question 13

How do you prevent Bacillus cereus infection?

Answer 13

Proper food hygiene

Proper food storage

Question 14

What is the reservoir for Clostridium botulinum?

Answer 14

Soil

Intestinal tracts of Fish and mammals, shellfish, Honey

Question 15

What is the transmission of Clostridium botulinum?

Answer 15

Food contaminated with spores

Question 16

What are the clinical signs for Clostridium botulinum?

Answer 16

Flaccid Paralysis

Question 17

How do you prevent Clostridium botulinum?

Answer 17

Avoid contamination of food
Don’t feed honey to very young children
Proper preparation of food

Question 18

What is the reservoir of Clostridium perfringens?

Answer 18

Soil

Intestinal tract of people and animals

Question 19

What is the transmission of Clostridium perfringens?

Answer 19

Food contaminated at production, processing and preparation

Question 20

What are the clinical signs of Clostridium perfringens?

Answer 20

Vomiting
Diarrhea
Abdominal cramps

Question 21

How do you prevent Clostridium perfringens?

Answer 21

Proper food processing and perparation

Question 22

What is the reservoir of Campylobacter jejuni?

Answer 22

Normal flora of the intestines of many bird species or mammals

Question 23

What is the transmission of Campylobacter jejuni?

Answer 23

Contaminated food or water

Direct contact with farm animals

Question 24

How do you prevent Campylobacter jejuni?

Answer 24

Reduce infection in bird before slaughter
Meat Hygiene
Pasteurization of milk
Proper handling and cooking of meat

Question 25

What is the reservoir of Salmonella spp.

Answer 25

GI flora in many species | Skin flora of reptiles

Question 26

What is the transmission of Salmonella spp.

Answer 26

Contaminated foods

Question 27

How do you prevent Salmonella infection?

Answer 27

``` Reduce level of colonization of animals Meat Hygiene Pasteurization of Milk Proper handling of food No Cross contamination Cook food properly ```

Question 28

What is Salmonella enteritidis associated with?

Answer 28

Eating raw or undercooked eggs

Question 29

What is the reservoir for E. Coli?

Answer 29

GI tract of mammals

Question 30

What is the transmission of E. Coli?

Answer 30

Contaminated food Carcasses contaminated in the plant Unpasteurized milk Veggies contaminated with water

Question 31

How do you prevent E. coli infection?

Answer 31

``` Reduce colonization in animals Vaccination of cattle Proper handling of manure Meat hygiene Pasteurization of milk Prevent food contamination ```

Question 32

What is the reservoir for Vibrio cholerae?

Answer 32

Brackish rivers and coastal waters

Question 33

What is the transmission for Vibrio Cholerae?

Answer 33

Contaminated Water!!

Question 34

What are the clinical signs for Vibrio Cholerae?

Answer 34

Watery diarrhea

Question 35

How do you prevent Vibrio Cholerae?

Answer 35

Sanitation Sewage management Proper food handling and preparation

Question 36

What is the reservoir for Listeria Monocytogenes?

Answer 36

Soil Water Animals

Question 37

How is Listeria transmitted?

Answer 37

Contaminated food

Question 38

What are the clinical signs for Listeria?

Answer 38

Mild food poisoning flu like symptoms Septicemia meningitis Abortions

Question 39

How do you prevent Listeria?

Answer 39

Meat Hygiene Pasteurize Milk Proper food preparation