Basic Sentence Practice 3

Question 1

Translate to Latin.

I have a horse.

Answer 1

Equum habeo.

to have - habeō, habēre, habuī, habitus. Note that this is a second conjugation verb: the second principle part ends in -__ēre.

Question 2

Translate to Latin.

to wish, want

Answer 2

velle

to wish, want - volō, velle, voluī, — (irregular).

Question 3

Translate to Latin.

I want a horse.

Answer 3

Equum volō.

I wish, want - volō (irregular).

Question 4

Translate to Latin.

You (singular) want a cart.

Answer 4

Carrō vīs.

you (sg.) wish, want - vīs (irregular).

Question 5

Translate to Latin.

He wants to be good.

Answer 5

Esse bonus vult.

he/she/it wishes, wants - vult (irregular). Remember that “to be ___” is written as “esse ___.”

Question 6

Translate to Latin.

We want a farmer.

Answer 6

Agricolam volumus.

we wish, want - volumus (irregular).

Question 7

Translate to Latin.

You (plural) want an island.

Answer 7

Insulam vultis.

you (pl.) wish, want - vultis (irregular).

Question 8

Translate to Latin.

They want a queen.

Answer 8

Reginam volunt.

they wish, want - volunt (irregular).

Question 9

Translate to Latin.

He has many horses.

Answer 9

Multōs equōs habet.

much, many - multus, -a, -um.

Question 10

Translate to Latin.

The cart moves.

Answer 10

Carrus movet.

to move - moveō, movēre, mōvī, mōtus. Pay attention to the endings of the principle parts in the second conjugation – sometimes they won’t be exactly what you might expect.

The normal second conjugation principle part endings are: -(e)ō, -ēre, -uī, -(i)tus

Question 11

How do you form the future tense for first and second conjugation verbs?

Answer 11

Drop -re from the second principle part

Add the future tense ending

e.g. I will carry:
portāre > portā- > portābō

Question 12

Translate to Latin.

I will go to the queen.

Answer 12

Rēgīnae ībō.

Remember that ībō is the first person singular future tense of īre.

Question 13

Translate to Latin.

to be unwilling

Answer 13

nōlle

to be unwilling, to not want - nōlō, nōlle, nōluī, — (irregular). Note that nōlle is a conjunction of nōn (not) and velle (to want), literally meaning “not to want.”

Remember that the “—” means that nōlle does not have a normal principle part.

Question 14

Translate to Latin.

I don’t want to swim.

Answer 14

Natāre nōlō.

I don’t want - nōlō (irregular).

Question 15

Translate to Latin.

You (singular) don’t want to fight the horse.

Answer 15

Equum pugnāre nōn vīs.

you (sg.) don’t want - nōn vīs (irregular).

Question 16

Translate to Latin.

She doesn’t want a sword.

Answer 16

Gladium nōn vult.

he/she/it doesn’t want - nōn vult (irregular).

Question 17

Translate to Latin.

We don’t want to fight.

Answer 17

Pugnāre nōlumus.

we don’t want - nōlumus (irregular).

Question 18

Translate to Latin.

You (plural) don’t want to praise the farmer.

Answer 18

Agricolam laudāre nōn vultis.

you (pl.) don’t want - nōn vultis (irregular).

Question 19

Translate to Latin.

They don’t want to go.

Answer 19

Īre nōlunt.

they don’t want - nōlunt (irregular).

Question 20

Translate to Latin.

The queen sees a farmer.

Answer 20

Rēgīna agricolam videt.

to see - videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsus. Note that a “video” recording is something that you can literally “see.”

Historical note: This verb is one of the three parts of Julius Caesar’s famous quote, “Vēnī, vīdī, vīcī,” which means “I came, I saw, I conquered.”

Question 21

How do you form the perfect tense for all verbs?

Answer 21

Drop -ī from the third principle part

Add perfect tense endings

(Remember, the third principle part is the first person singular perfect.)

e.g. You have carried:
portāvī > portāv- > portāvistī

Question 22

Translate to Latin.

The woman shouted to the farmer.

Answer 22

Fēmina agricolae exclāmāvit.

Question 23

Translate to Latin.

I want to teach.

Answer 23

Doc__ē__re volō.

to teach - doceō, docēre, docuī, doctus.

Historical note: the Latin word doctor means “teacher.” Originally, people who received a “doctorate” degree were considered well-enough educated to themselves teach.

Question 24

Translate to Latin.

to prefer

Answer 24

mālle

to prefer - mālō, mālle, māluī, — (irregular).

Question 25

# Translate to Latin. _I prefer_ to swim.

Answer 25

Natāre _mālō_. ## Footnote I prefer - *mālō* (irregular).

Question 26

# Translate to Latin. _You (singular) prefer_ a horse.

Answer 26

Equum _māvīs_. ## Footnote you (sg.) prefer - *māvīs* (irregular).

Question 27

# Translate to Latin. _He prefers_ to fight.

Answer 27

Pugnāre _māvult_. ## Footnote he/she/it prefers - *māvult* (irregular).

Question 28

# Translate to Latin. _We prefer_ the forest.

Answer 28

Silvam _mālumus_. ## Footnote we prefer - *mālumus* (irregular).

Question 29

# Translate to Latin. _You (plural) prefer_ horses.

Answer 29

Equōs _māvultis_. ## Footnote you (pl.) prefer - *māvultis* (irregular).

Question 30

# Translate to Latin. The women _prefer_ the queen.

Answer 30

Fēminae rēgīnam _mālunt_. ## Footnote they prefer - *mālunt* (irregular).

Question 31

# Translate to Latin. I prefer my horse to _your_ horse. OR I prefer my horse to _yours_.

Answer 31

Meum equum _tuī_ (equī) mālō. ## Footnote your, yours - *tuus, -a, -um*.

Question 32

# Translate to Latin. He is a good _poet_.

Answer 32

_Poeta_ bonus est. ## Footnote poet - *poeta, -ae* (masculine). Note that this is another first declension **masculine** noun, like *agricola*.

Question 33

# Translate to Latin. They want a _goat_.

Answer 33

_Caprum_ volunt. ## Footnote goat - *caper, caprī* (masculine).

Question 34

# Translate to Latin. Sailors love the _wind_.

Answer 34

Nautae _ventum_ amant. ## Footnote wind - *ventus, -ī* (masculine).

Question 35

# Translate to Latin. She is the farmer's _neighbor_.

Answer 35

_F__ī__nitima_ agricolae est. ## Footnote neighbor - *fīnitimus, -ī* (masculine). neighbor - *fīnitima, -ae* (feminine).

Question 36

# Translate to Latin. He likes _battle_.

Answer 36

_Proelium_ amat. ## Footnote battle - *proelium, -iī* (neuter).

Question 37

# Translate to Latin. The woman's _opinion_ of the farmer is not good.

Answer 37

Fēminae _sententia_ agricolae nōn bona est. ## Footnote feeling, opinion - *sententia, -ae* (feminine). Note that this sentence has two Genitives. In cases like this, the Genitive case stacks: "[**the opinion of the farmer** of the woman] is bad" (the woman "posesses" **the opinion of the farmer**, and how that opinion "is bad").

Question 38

# Translate to Latin. It's a strange _land_.

Answer 38

_Terra_ nova est. ## Footnote land - *terra, -ae* (feminine).

Question 39

# Translate to Latin. The horse doesn't like the farmer's _whip_.

Answer 39

Equus _flagellum_ agricolae nōn amat. ## Footnote whip - *flagellum, -ī* (neuter). Note that this word is used in modern biology to indicate a whip-like "tail" that some bacteria posess.

Question 40

# Translate to Latin. You want a _house_.

Answer 40

_Casam_ vīs. ## Footnote house - *casa, -ae* (feminine).

Question 41

# Translate to Latin. _Who_ is it?

Answer 41

_Quis_ est? ## Footnote who, what - *quis* (masculine and feminine), *quid* (neuter).

Question 42

# Translate to Latin. What do you (plural) want?

Answer 42

Quid vultis?

Question 43

# Translate to Latin. What _time_ is it?

Answer 43

Quid _hora_ est? ## Footnote hour, time - *hora, -ae* (feminine). Note that in Latin, you are not asking "What is the time?" but rather "What hour is it?" The Romans told time by dividing daylight into twelve *horae*, and the night into four watches (*vigiliae*), each 3 *horae* long. In winter, a daylight *hora* would be about 45 minutes; in summer, it was about 75 minutes.

Question 44

# Translate to Latin. She _cares_ for the farmer. | (Lit. She has care/concern for the farmer).

Answer 44

_Curam_ agricolae habet. ## Footnote care, concern - *cura, -ae* (feminine).

Question 45

# Translate to Latin. The queen is _famous_.

Answer 45

Rēgīna clāra est. ## Footnote famous - *clārus, -a, -um*.

Question 46

# Translate to Latin. _Today_, I saw the queen.

Answer 46

_Hodiē_, rēgīnam vīsī. ## Footnote today - *hodiē*.

Question 47

# Translate to Latin. The _ruins_ of Rome are famous.

Answer 47

_Ruīnae_ Rōmae clārae sunt. ## Footnote ruin, downfall - *ruīna, -ae* (feminine). ruins - *ruīnae, -ārum* (feminine). Note that in plural, this word means "ruins," such as an ancient city.

Question 48

# Translate to Latin. He _stands_ (at) guard.

Answer 48

Praesidiō _stat_. ## Footnote to stand - *stō, stāre, stetī, stātus*.

Question 49

# Translate to Latin. Rome has many famous _statues_.

Answer 49

Rōma multās _statuās_ clārās habet. ## Footnote statue - *statua, -ae* (feminine). Note that this word is derived from *stāre*, "to stand." Statues are things that "stand" in one place forever.

Question 50

# Translate to Latin. I don't like you, (but) _nevertheless_ I will go to your house today.

Answer 50

Tē nōn amō, _tamen_ ad casam tuam hodiē ībō. ## Footnote nevertheless - *tamen*.