Birds Flashcards
(65 cards)
Class for birds
Class: Aves
Domestic chicken genus species
Gallus domesticus
White leghorn most common research chicken
What chicken is model of vitiligo
Smyth Line (SL)
Which chicken is model of Herpesvirus-Induced Atherosclerosis?
White Leghorn
Induced by Marek’s disease herpesvirus
Which chicken is a model of scleroderma (systemic sclerosis)?
White Leghorn
Which chicken is a model of Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis? What two rodents?
Spontaneous, hereditary autoimmune thyroiditis (SAT) of Obese Strain (OS) Chicken
Buffalo rat and Multimammate Rats (Mastomys)
What chicken is a model for Hereditary Muscular Dystrophy? What is inheritance pattern?
New Hampshire chicken
Autosomal recessive
What is the chicken alternative to the Draize eye irritation test in rabbits? What else can it be used for?
Chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) test
Implantation studies (immunologically privileged)
Genus species of Japanese quail
Coturnix japonica
Coturnix japonica use in research
Model for embryogenesis
Birth defects, hypercholesterolemia and xanthomatosis, glycogen storage disease
Pompe’s dz (myotonic dystrophy)
Neurofilament-deficient mutant (“Quiver”)
Quail hypothalamic systems exhibit neuroplasticity – responsive to testosterone
Cloacal gland is androgen responsive, similar to the prostate
Osteoporosis model, as female birds use bones are mineral reservoir for egg production leading to bone turnover
Which birds require gravel/grit in diet?
Those that eat whole seeds
Pigeon (Columba livia) and dove
What is produced by male Japanese Quail after puberty?
Foam from the cloacal gland
Deposited during natural copulation can be retained by the female for more than 12h and contributes to prolonged sperm motility
Can also be due to presence of bacteria in cloacal gland
Can palpate cloacal gland and see this and know it is a male
What virus in Japanese quail causes large basophilic INIB
Necrotizing proliferative bronchitis; and hepatic, splenic, and cloacal bursa necrosis
Quail Bronchitis Virus (QBV, type 1 avian adenovirus)
3 most common viruses in Japanese quail
quail bronchitis virus/QBV (Adenoviridae), Newcastle virus (Paramyxoviridae),
and Eastern Equine Encephalomyelitis (Genus Alphavirus, Togaviridae)
How is EEE spread to Japanese Quail?
mosquito,
Culisetta melanura
What causes the fatal disease Ulcerative enteritis ‘quail disease’? What tissues other than GI are affected? How to dx?
Clostridium colinum
Liver/spleen
Dx: Fresh liver culture on tryptose agar
Japanese quail can be infected by which two serovars of Salmonella enterica
pullorum
disease (Salmonella pullorum) and fowl typhoid
(Salmonella gallinarum)
What family contains Japanese quail?
Phasianidae
What family contains zebra finch?
Estrildidae
Zebra finch use in research
Neurobiology - similar striatal and pallidal cell types to mammalian brain
Songbird vocal learning of human speech
What is special about zebra finch digits?
Feet are anisodactylous: 3 digits pointing forward, one back
Do birds generally have more lymphocytes or granulocytes?
Lymphocytes
(main granulocyte = heterophil)
What species of Mycobacteria affects psittacines/passerine birds vs other birds
M. avium MC agent in birds with mycobacteriosis, in psittacines/passerines actually M genavense MC
Ddx coelomic distention female zebra finch
Egg-binding (if see yellow, yolk coelomitis –> euthanize)
Ovarian tumor