Blood

Question 1

3 components of blood

Answer 1

Plasma, platelets and white blood cells, red blood cells

Question 2

what is the name for the percentage of red blood cells?

Answer 2

Hematocrit

Question 3

What kind of tissue is blood

Answer 3

connective tissue

Question 4

what percentage of what is blood?

Answer 4

90%

Question 5

What are the components of blood plasma?

Answer 5

Electrolytes, dissolved gases, proteins, hormones, nutrients, and waste products

Question 6

3 types of plasma proteins

Answer 6

albumins, globulins, clotting

Question 7

a familu of globular proteins produced in the liver

Answer 7

serum albumins

Question 8

what does serum albumin carry?

Answer 8

fatty acids, drugs, and penicillin

Question 9

what do globulins bind to

Answer 9

molecules such as cholesterol

Question 10

which plasma protein is involved in immune response?

Answer 10

globulins

Question 11

Plasma protein that has fibrinogen

Answer 11

clotting proteins

Question 12

another term for red blood cells

Answer 12

erythrocytes

Question 13

what is the shape of erythrocytes (red blood cells)

Answer 13

thinner at the center than at the edge

Question 14

the shape of erythrocytes allows flex for what purpose?

Answer 14

to fit through capillaries

Question 15

what is unique about red blood cells

Answer 15

no nucleus

Question 16

red blood cells are regulated by what hormone from the kidneys?

Answer 16

erythropoietin

Question 17

what does erythropoietin do?

Answer 17

results in increased production of stem cells from bone marrow

Question 18

what type of cell contains hemoglobin?

Answer 18

red blood cells

Question 19

what part of the red blood cell contains oxygen?

Answer 19

oxyhemoglobin

Question 20

what gives blood its red colour?

Answer 20

the oxygen

Question 21

what is deoxyhemoglobin

Answer 21

red blood cells with no oxygen - purple

Question 22

Two types of leukocytes (white blood cells)

Answer 22

Granular and agranular

Question 23

3 types of granular leukocytes

Answer 23

1. Neutrophil
2. Eosinophil
3. Basophil

Question 24

2 types of agranular leukocytes

Answer 24

monocyte and lymphocyte

Question 25

type of granular leukocyte that surrounds and engulfs foreign cells

Answer 25

neutrophils

Question 26

what type of granular leukocyte increases during infections?

Answer 26

neutrophils

Question 27

two rarest types of granular leukocytes

Answer 27

eosinophils and basophils

Question 28

granular leukocytes that defend the body against parasites

Answer 28

eosinophils

Question 29

granule containing histamine

Answer 29

basophils

Question 30

2 functions of B lymphocytes

Answer 30

give rise to plasma cells and produce antibodies

Question 31

What do T lymphocytes do?

Answer 31

target and destroy foreign cells

Question 32

what do monocytes do?

Answer 32

dispose of invading cells and cellular garbage through phagocytes

Question 33

percentage of platelets in whole blood

Answer 33

1%

Question 34

life span of platelets

Answer 34

5-9 days

Question 35

what are platelets involved in?

Answer 35

hemostasis (clotting) and repair

Question 36

3 major steps of hemostasis

Answer 36

1. Vascular spasm 2. Formation of platelet plug 3. Clot formation

Question 37

another word for vascular spasm

Answer 37

vasoconstriction

Question 38

another word for clot formation

Answer 38

coagulation

Question 39

what happens during vascular spasms

Answer 39

vessels constrict and can stop bleeding

Question 40

vascular spasms result from 2 things:

Answer 40

1. Myogenic Contraction | 2. Platelets releasing thromboxane A2

Question 41

When does myogenic contraction occur?

Answer 41

it physically activates from damage or pain signals initiate contraction

Question 42

during the formation of a platelet plug, platelets release what?

Answer 42

thromboxane a2 and ADP

Question 43

when do platelets swell for platelet plugs

Answer 43

when a ruptured vessel exposes proteins

Question 44

How many clotting factors are there?

Answer 44

12

Question 45

During clot formation, what do platelets synthesize?

Answer 45

prothrombin activator

Question 46

the convertion of prothrombin to thrombin in clot formation requires what mineral to be present?

Answer 46

calcium

Question 47

in clot formation, thrombin starts conversion of fibrinogen into what?

Answer 47

fibrin

Question 48

What does fibrin do in clot formation?

Answer 48

creates a mesh that traps platelets, blood cells, and other various molecules

Question 49

Hemophilia A is a lack of which clotting factor?

Answer 49

8

Question 50

the extrinsic path of blood clotthing allows what?

Answer 50

bypass some steps

Question 51

If you apply tissue thromboplastin to whole blood, what will happen?

Answer 51

activates factor 10, bypassing normal cascade that happens within the body

Question 52

How does asprin, an anticoagulate, affect hemostasis?

Answer 52

reduces platelet activation to prevent platelet plug

Question 53

Blood types are determined by the presence of specific...

Answer 53

antigens

Question 54

cell protein that stimulates an immune response and sits on the surface of a cell

Answer 54

antigen

Question 55

the defense protein in blood that looks for specific antigens

Answer 55

antibodies

Question 56

what types of cells produce antibodies?

Answer 56

B cells

Question 57

what types of cells attack and destroy tagged cells?

Answer 57

t cells

Question 58

What type of antigens does type B blood have?

Answer 58

anitgen B

Question 59

What type of antigens do type O blood have?

Answer 59

neither

Question 60

what types of plasma antibodies do type AB people have

Answer 60

neither a nor b anitbodies

Question 61

what type of antibodies do type o blood carriars have?

Answer 61

A and B

Question 62

Who are universal donors?

Answer 62

O-

Question 63

Who are universal recipients?

Answer 63

AB+

Question 64

How can hemolytic disease of newborns be prevented?

Answer 64

at 28 weeks, RhoGAM injection given to mother to destroy any Rh + blood cells in mother's blood stream

Question 65

bacterial infection of the blood is called

Answer 65

septicemia

Question 66

5 symptoms of septicemia

Answer 66

flushed skin, chills, fever, rapid heartbeat, shallow breathing

Question 67

blood disorder for reduced oxygen carrying capacity of blood

Answer 67

anemia

Question 68

hemorrhagic anemia is caused by

Answer 68

blood loss

Question 69

cause of pernicious anemia

Answer 69

deficiency in B12

Question 70

renal kidney failure anemia results in what?

Answer 70

decrease in red blood cell production

Question 71

type of blood cancer that includes uncontrolled production of white blood cells

Answer 71

leukemia

Question 72

type of blood cancer that results in easy bruising, anemia or sore bones

Answer 72

leukemia

Question 73

type of blood cancer that includes impairsproduction of plasma cells

Answer 73

multiple myeloma

Question 74

people with multiple myeloma are prone to what?

Answer 74

infection