Cardiac anatomy, USMLE Flashcards
(48 cards)
Gives rise to: ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk
Truncus arteriosus
Gives rise to: smooth parts (outflow tract) of right and left ventricles
Bulbus cordis
Gives rise to: trabeculated left and right ventricles
Primitive ventricle
Gives rise to: trabeculated right and left atria
Primitive atria
Gives rise to: Coronary sinus
Left horn of sinus venosus
Gives rise to: Smooth part of right atrium
Right horn of sinus venosus
Failure of truncal and pulmonary ridges to spiral gives rise to
Transposition of great vessels
Skewed aorticopulmonary septum gives rise to
Tetralogy of Fallot
Partial aorticopulmonary septum development gives rise to
Persistent truncus arteriosus
Components of TOF
PROVe
1) Pulmonary stenosis
2) Right ventricular hypertrophy (boot-shape)
3) Overriding of aorta
4) VSD
Aorticopulmonary septum fuses with muscular ventricular septum to form
Membranous interventricular septum
Endocardial cushion contributes to (3)
1) Atrial separation
2) Membranous interventricular septum
3) Separation of atria from ventricles
Foramen secundum is seen in
Septum primum
Foramen ovale is seen in
Septum secundum
Forms the valve of foramen ovale
Septum primum
Foramen ovale closes at birth due to
Increased LA pressure
Patent foramen ovale is caused by
Failure of septum primum and septum secundum to fuse at birth
Order of sources of fetal erythropoiesis
Young Liver Synthesizes Blood
1) Yolk sac
2) Liver
3) Spleen
4) Bone marrow
Start of erythropoiesis
3 weeks AOG
Start of BM erythropoiesis
22 weeks AOG
3 shunts of the fetal circulation
1) Ductus venosus
2) Foramen ovale
3) Ductus arteriosus
pO2 of blood in umbilical vein
~30 mmHg
O2 sat of blood in umbilical vein
~80%
Pulmonary vascular resistance at birth
Decrease
