Pelvis and Perineum, Snell Flashcards
(100 cards)
1
Q
Pelvis is divided into 2 parts by the
A
Pelvic brim
2
Q
Pelvic brim is formed by (3)
A
1) Sacral promontory
2) Iliopectineal line
3) Symphysis pubis
3
Q
Above the pelvic brim
A
False pelvis
4
Q
Below the pelvic brim
A
True pelvis
5
Q
4 bones of bony pelvis
A
1) 2 hip bones
2) Sacrum
3) Coccyx
6
Q
Pelvic inlet is aka
A
Pelvic brim
7
Q
Boundaries of pelvic outlet (3)
A
1) Coccyx
2) Ischial tuberosities
3) Pubic arch
8
Q
Main function of SI joint
A
Transmit weight of body from vertebral column to bony pelvis
9
Q
SI joint: Type of joint
A
Synovial
10
Q
Symphysis pubis: Type of joint
A
Cartilaginous
11
Q
T/F Great deal of movement is possible at the sacrococcygeal joint
A
T
12
Q
Imaginary line joining the central points of the AP diameters of the inlet and outlet
A
Axis of pelvis
13
Q
Curved course taken by the baby’s head as it descends through the pelvis during childbirth
A
Axis of pelvis
14
Q
Distance between lower margin of symphysis pubis and sacral promontory
A
Diagonal conjugate
15
Q
Normal length of diagonal conjugate
A
13 cm
16
Q
Normal distance between 2 ischial tuberosities
A
10cm
17
Q
Shallowest wall of pelvis
A
Anterior
18
Q
Anterior pelvic wall is formed by (2)
A
1) Pubic bones
2) Symphysis pubis
19
Q
Posterior pelvic wall is formed by
A
1) Sacrum
2) Coccyx
3) Piriformis
20
Q
Lateral pelvic wall is composed of (4)
A
1) Hip bone below inlet
2) Obturator membrane
3) Obturator internus
4) Sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligament
21
Q
Structure that almost completely closes the obturator foramen
A
Obturator membrane
22
Q
Small gap in the obturator membrane
A
Obturator canal
23
Q
Obturator canal transmits
A
Obturator nerve and vessels
24
Q
Triangular pelvic ligament
A
Sacrospinous ligament
25
Prevent lower end of sacrum and coccyx from being rotated at the SI joint
Sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligaments
26
Pelvic diaphragm is formed by (2)
1) Levator ani muscles
| 2) Coccygeus
27
Pelvic diaphragm is incomplete at what portion
Anterior
28
Anterior defect in the pelvic diaphragm transmits (2)
1) Urethra
| 2) Vagina in females
29
Widest diameter of the pelvic inlet
Transverse
30
Visceral pelvic fascia around the cervix is called
Parametrium
31
Nerve supply: Coccygeus
S4-5
32
Lumbar sympathetic trunk and pelvic sympathetic trunk come together where
In front of coccyx
33
Constitute the PSY part of ANS in the pelvis
Pelvic splanchnic nerves
34
Pelvic splanchnic nerves: Arise from
S2,3,4
35
Pelvic splanchnic nerves: Preganglionic fibers synapse in ganglia of
Hypogastric plexus
36
Musculofascial structure that fills the gap of the pubic arch
Urogenital diaphragm
37
Urogenital diaphragm: Formed by
1) Sphincter urethrae
| 2) Deep transverse perineal muscles
38
Urogenital diaphragm: Fascial layers
1) Superior fascial layer
| 2) Inferior fascial layer
39
Urogenital diaphragm: Inferior fascial layer is aka
Perineal membrane
40
Small mass of fibrous tissue attached to the center of the posterior margin of the urogenital diaphragm
Perineal body
41
Perineal body: Male vs female, larger
Female
42
Perineal body: Attachement for
Muscles in the perineum
43
Perineal body: Supports what other structure in females
Posterior vaginal wall
44
Pelvic diaphragm: Levator ani muscles
1) Iliococcygeus
2) Pubococcygeus
3) Puborectalis
45
Pelvic muscles
1) Piriformis
2) Obturator internus
3) Coccygeus
4) Levator ani
46
Pelvic muscle that covers the lateral wall of the pelvic cavity
Obturator internus
47
Pelvic muscles: Insert to the greater trochanter of femur
1) Obturator internus
| 2) Piriformis
48
Pelvic muscle: Originates from ischial spine
Coccygeus
49
Coccygeus: Nerve supply
Sacral nerve
50
Coccygeus: Degenerates forming
Sacrospinous ligament
51
Pelvic muscle: Constricts the rectum and pulls it forward
Levator ani
52
Pelvic muscle: Forms a sling around the anorectal junction, kinking it anteriorly
Puborectalis
53
The membranous layer of the superficial fascia of the abdomen continues down the perineum to form the
Colles fascia
54
The Colles fascia is attached to the
Margins of the pubic arch on each side
55
Rupture of penile urethra may be followed by extravasation of urine into
1) Scrotum
2) Perineum
3) Penis
4) Anterior abdominal wall, deep to the membranous layer of the superficial fascia
56
Urine from rupture of penile urethra is excluded from the thigh because of
Attachment of superficial abdominal fascia to the deep fascia of the thigh
57
Ovary: Attached to the back of the broad ligament by
Mesovarium
58
Suspensory ligament of the ovary: Contents
Ovarian vessels and nerves
59
Ovarian capsule
Tunica albuginea
60
Ovary: Outermost epithelium
Germinal epithelium
61
Ovarian follicles: Medulla vs cortex of ovary
Cortex
62
Ovarian fossa: Bounded by
External and internal iliac arteries
63
Connects the mesovarium to the lateral pelvic wall
Suspensory ligament of the ovary
64
Ovarian ligaments: Extends from the medial margin of the ovary to the lateral wall of the uterus
Round ligament of the ovary
65
The round ligament of the ovary is the adult derivative of
Upper gubernaculum
66
The round ligament of the uterus is the adult derivative of
Lower gubernaculum
67
The ovarian vein drains into the ___ on the right
IVC
68
The ovarian vein drains into the ___ on the left
Left renal vein
69
Ovary: Lymphatic drainage
Paraaortic nodes at L1
70
Ovary: Kept in position by
Mesovarium
71
Time in which the broad ligament is lax hence ovaries may prolapse into the pouch of Douglas causing pain during sexual intercourse
After pregnancy
72
Fallopian tube: Most common site of fertilization
Ampulla
73
Fallopian tube: Blood supply
Uterine and ovarian arteries
74
Fallopian tube: Drainage
Uterine and ovarian veins
75
Fallopian tube: Lymphatic drainage
Internal iliac and paraortic nodes
76
Anterior vs posterior wall of vagina: Cervix pierces the vagina at
Anterior wall
77
Attaches the cervix and upper end of vagina to the lateral pelvic walls
Transverse cervical/cardinal ligaments
78
Broad ligament: Contents
1) Uterine tubes
2) Round ligaments of ovaries and uterus
3) Uterine and ovarian vessels, nerves, and lymphatics
79
T/F The broad ligament provide little support to the uterus
T
80
Extends from the superolateral angle of the uterus through the inguinal canal, to the subcutaneous tissue of the labia majora
Round ligament of the uterus
81
Assists in keeping the uterus anteroflexed
Round ligament of the uterus
82
Uterus: Blood supply
1) Uterine artery from internal iliac
| 2) Ovarian artery
83
Uterus: Lymphatic drainage
1) Fundus: Paraaortic nodes
2) Body and cervix: Internal and external iliac nodes
3) Superficial inguinal nodes
84
External os: Nulliparous
Circular
85
External os: Parous
Fishmouth
86
Important structures that may be damaged in childbirth causing prolapse of uterus
1) Levator ani muscles
2) Transverse cervical ligament
3) Pubocervical ligament
4) Sacrocervical ligament
87
Superficial perineal pouch, boundaries: Inferior
Colles fascia
88
Superficial perineal pouch, boundaries: Superior
Urogenital diaphragm
89
Superficial perineal pouch, boundaries: Posterior
Attachment of Colles fascia to the posterior border of urogenital diaphragm
90
Superficial perineal pouch, boundaries: Lateral
Attachment of Colles fascia and urogenital diaphragm to the pubic arch
91
Superficial perineal pouch, boundaries: Anterior
Communicates freely with potential space between Scarpa fascia and anterior abdominal muscles
92
Contents of superficial perineal pouch, males
1) Root of penis
2) Superficial perineal muscle
3) Bulbospongiosus
4) Ischiocavernosus
5) Perineal body
6) Perineal branch of the pudendal nerve
93
T/F Deep perineal pouch is a closed space
T
94
Deep perineal pouch: Lies within
Urogenital diaphragm
95
Deep perineal pouch: Contents in males
1) The membranous part of the urethra.
2) The sphincter urethrae.
3) The bulbourethral glands.
4) The deep transverse perineal muscles.
5) The internal pudendal vessels.
6) The dorsal nerve of the penis.
96
Deep perineal pouch: Contents in females
1) Part of the urethra
2) Part of the vagina
3) Sphincter urethrae
4) Deep transverse perineal muscles
5) Internal pudendal vessels
6) Dorsal nerve of the clitoris
97
Delineates deep from superficial perineal pouch
Perineal membrane
98
Contents of superficial perineal pouch, females
1) Root of clitoris
2) Superficial perineal muscle
3) Bulbospongiosus
4) Ischiocavernosus
5) Perineal body
6) Perineal branch of pudendal nerve
7) Greater vestibular glands
99
Greater vestibular glands are aka
Bartholin gland
100
Most important ligement that prevents uterine prolapse
Uterosacral ligament
| SOURCE: Boundless.com
